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introduction to Viruses 病毒介紹 - Coggle Diagram
introduction to Viruses
病毒介紹
consist of a nucleic acid
由核酸組成
surrounded by a protein coat
被一層蛋白質包裹著
structure of viruses
病毒的結構
barely visible under the light microscope
在光學顯微鏡下幾乎看不到
even diamaters of hundreds of nanometers
即使直徑為數百奈米
is an infectious particle
是傳染性粒子
consisting of nucleic acid enclosed in a protein coat
由包裹在蛋白質外殼中的核酸組成
some surrounded by a membranous envelope
一些病毒被膜質包膜包圍
tiniest viruses are only 20 nm in diameter
最小的病毒直徑只有20奈米
smaller than a ribosome
比核醣體還小
viral genomes
病毒基因組
called a DNA virus or RNA virus
被稱為 DNA病毒或RNA病毒
the smallest have only 3 genes in their genome
最小的病毒在基因組只有三個基因
the largest haveseveral hundred to thousand
最大病毒有幾百幾千個
contain about 200 to a few thousand genes
約200~幾千個基因
capsids and envelopes
衣殼和包膜
capsid:the protein shell enclosing the viral genome
衣殼：包裹病毒基因組的蛋白質外殼
rod-shaped viruses are called helical viruses
桿狀病毒被稱為螺旋病毒
replicative cycles of phages
噬菌體的複製週期
1.attachment
附著
2.entry of phage DNA & degradation of host DNA
噬菌體DNA的進入和宿主DNA的降解
3.synthesis of viral genomes and proteins
病毒基因組和蛋白質的和成
4.self-assembly
自組裝
5.release
釋放