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Indonesian and Indian Music - Coggle Diagram
Indonesian and Indian Music
Indonesian
History:
Religious beliefs: Buddhism, Christianity, Confusianism, HInduism, Islam
Traditional music played at religious ceremonies, form of entertainment for royal family and accompanies wayang kulit shows.
Gamelan Ensemble:
Gamelan: set of instruments that include gongs and metallophones
Percussion instruments
Found in Java and Bali
Larger instrument = played less
Javanese vs Balinese
Javanese: Traditional and normally played in temples, gentle and low pitched, vocal is more common than instrumental music
Balinese: contemporary style, dynamic energy and musical ideas occur, only instrumental
Instruments
Gong: Holds long beats, struck at the beginning of a new phase(new section), murky timbre
Suling: flute (aerophone), playes as a solo throughout java for personal entertainment. Found in Brunei, Malaysia(Sabah), Philippines, Singapore
Kendang: the 'drum' in Gamelan, main source of rhythm and tempo, sits on its side so that both sides can be played. Timbre is flat and warm
Rebab: Javanese bowed/plucked instrument, rebab in the past was one of the few instruments acceptable to be played by women. Melodic lead.
Gangsa: melodic instrument, uses mallet, in the xylophone family, bars made of metal (brass), uses one mallet. Timbre = metallic and round
scales:
slendro: pentatonics
pelog: heptatonic
Indian
Background:
Hindustani: music created for entertainment
Carnatic: music devoted to gods
Instruments
Bansuri Flute:
side-blown
traditionally made of bamboo
modern designs in ivory, fobreglass and other metals
Sitar:
can have up to 21 strings
6 or 7 of the strings are played over curves/raised frets; rest of the strings are sympathetic strings underneath the frets
sitar has a bridge, long hollow neck, and resonating chamber
used as drones(continuous background sound)
Sarangi:
bowed, short neck instrument
can imitate vocal ornaments (sounds like a human voice)
carved from red cedar wood (tun)
box shaped with 3 hollow chambers pet(stomach), chaati(chest), and magaj(brain)
Tabla:
membranophone
often used in Hindustani classical music
consists of two-headed barrel-shaped hand drums; different size and shape
Daya/Dahina means right, baya/bahina means left
Features - Raga
Indian scales: raga has strict rules on what notes are played and how to play them
Ragas associated with times of day when to perform
Consists of at least 5 notes, each raga gives each musician a musical framework to improvise with
Features - Tala
means clap
Rhythm cycles: over 300 talas
all have names
Each tala has a certain number of beats per cycle
