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STRUCTURE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - public face of the UN
      - solves international disputes and brings threats to SC attention
      - deals with national govts, representatives and social and economic council
      - independent and above national politics
      - limited powers since decisions are made in SC
    - - supporting countries to develop according to UN's goals
      - 54 members (3 year terms)
      - oversee sustainable development, human rights and 5 regional development commissions
      - important cuz economic depression was an important reason for the great depression
    - - oversee the process of decolonisation after second world war
      - importance has declined since most countries are independent
      - very active after WW2 since European empires collapsed
      - role was similar to mandates commission
    - - sits at the Hague, Netherlands
      - 15 judges 9 year terms elected by SC and general assembly
      - oversees disputes according to international law
      - advices UN and its agencies
      - once a country agrees to take a case to ICJ it must accept its decision
    - - all UN members
      - elects non permanent members of the security council
      - votes for ICJ judges and appoints security general based on SC recommendations
      - recommendations on peace and security need 2/3 majority
    - - day to day work of the UN
      - led by security general
      - offices around the world, 16000 employees
      - puts UN decisions into action
    - - 15 countries
      - non permanent members (2 years)
      - votes for ICJ judges and maintains international peace and security
      - simple majority but must include all permanent members (executive decisions)
      - permanent members have the right of veto
  - - - USSR concerned that too many members were aligned with the west
      - USSR used veto to limit membership
      - balance in power taken away from European countries when more newly independent countries joined
      - non permanent members in the SC has more power in less important issues
      - general assembly votes for non permanent members
  - - - meets every 2 weeks
      - made of service personnel from permanent 5 and UN members whose forces are being deployed
      - wealthier powers contribute most but all countries share burden
      - UNMSC can work with regional forces such as NATO and African Union
      - swift reaction not possible (forces often arrive just after a conflict starts rather than preventing it)
  - - - social justice, labour standards, decent work and social protection for all, greater opportunities for women
      - promotes condition for trade union formation
      - founded in 1919, almost all UN members belong to ILO
      - ILO(international labour organisation)
    - - protects human rights, identifies breaches of human rights
      - education and legal support to enforce human rights
      - dealt with human rights abuses in Rwanda, Bosnia, Kosovo, Sudan
      - UNHRC(human rights council)
    - - emergency care for displaced people (asylum and safe refuge)
      - assists ppl wanting to return home and those who want to settle elsewhere
      - work in Namibia(1989), Palestine(1949), Bosnia, Rwanda, Kosovo, Sudan
      - UNHCR(high commissioner for refugees)
    - - started as disarmament commission, all Un members belong to UNODA
      - promotes disarmament of WMDs, landmines, and chemical weapons
      - work done in Iraq
      - UNODA(office for disarmament affairs) - renamed in 1998
    - - reduce hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition
      - sustainable management of resources
      - publishes list of low income, deficient countries
      - works in sub saharan africa, India, Uzbekistan
      - FAO(food and agriculture organisation)
    - - works with countries fighting infectious and non infectious diseases
      - delivers medicine and vaccine programmes, monitors water, food and air quality
      - WHO(world health organisation)
    - - focuses on children (raise awareness to and end dangers to children)
      - UN convention on the rights of the child in 1949
      - UNICEF(children's education fund)
    - - moral and intellectual development programmes, education for children, scientific cooperation
      - heritage and cultural diversity, freedom of expression
      - identifies world heritage sites
      - UNESCO(educational, scientific, and cultural organisation)
- - - - worked all year round
      - sat in the Hague, Netherlands
      - advised council if necessary
      - help settle disputes and advise on issues of international law
    - - scheduled meetings four times a year until 1929 and 3 times a year after that
      - can be called on shorter notice (flexibility)
      - Britain and France were often the only powerful and influential countries (could forward their interests)
      - all votes had to be unanimous
    - - international parliament - issues affecting international peace is discussed
      - every member had one vote
      - voted on proposals made by the council
      - elected temporary members
      - well published in the press
      - met annually in Geneva
      - elected judges for PICJ
      - central component
    - - worked all year round
      - led by secretary general (figurehead)
      - international civil service
      - international civil service
      - investigate issues, prepare reports, translate documents, take minutes of meetings, keep record of activities (administrative work)
  - - - American public didn't want further involve in european politics
      - 14 points introduced in jan 1919
        
        self determination
        
        disarmament
        
        end to secret treaties and alliances
        
        a league of nations to preserve peace
      - post war negotiation led to compromises and dissatisfaction (not a perfect solution)
      - many competing aims and interests (France wanted Germany to suffer, Britain didn't want to be too harsh, some eastern European countries and arabs wanted to take control of their resources, Russia had a civil war, Wilson disliked imperialism by Britain and France)