Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Collectivisation: How - Coggle Diagram
Collectivisation: How
Collective Farms
Kolkhoz
comprised small individual farms, sometimes a whole village
an average of 75 households
peasants lived in the same houses they did before
had their own plot of land up to 1 acre
government paid low prices for their quota (up to 40% produce)
if the quota wasn't met they weren't paid
25,000ers
activists who left the city to lead the kolkhozes
69% were members of the party
48% had 12+ years of agricultural/industrial leadership experience
13% had less than 5 years relevant experience
any extra was shared according to how many 'labour days' each peasant had contributed
from 1932 leftover produce could be sold
Sovkhoz
created from ex-aristocracy land
workers were recruited from landless rural residents
paid a wage directly from the state
typically housed the poorest peasants
favoured by the party
generally got more/better machinery and fertilisers
was planned that all collectives would one day be sovkhozes
larger than kolkhozes
similarities
restricted movement = internal passports
access to
machine and tractor stations
provided seed and hired out machinery to collectives
peasants had to trade 20% of their produce for service
2500 established by 1940 (only 1 for every 40 farms)
housed party spies to report any trouble and watch quotas
ensured communist control of rural areas