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07 THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
07 THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC
1-PROCLAMATION AND CONSTITUTION
In April 1931 a new regime was established
The provisional republican government
Established new reforms
Freedom of worship and securalisation
An agreement to draw up a statute of autonomy in Cataluña
Improvements in working conditions
Modernisation of the army
In the Constitution of 1931 the main principles were
Extensive declaration of rights and freedoms
Division of powers
Universal suffrage starting from the age of 23
Right of the regions to establish statutes of autonomy
Social rule of law
Separation between the Church and the state
The Cortes selected Niceto Alcalá-Zamora as the president
Manuel Azaña as prime minister
2-THE REFORMIST BIENNIUM (1931–1933)
Republicans and socialist formed a coalition government
These are the main reforms
Agricultural reform
Land was redistributed particularly in areas wirh large landowners
Education
Over 10,000 primary schools were built
Army
Active military officers had to swear allegiance to the Republic
Religion
The separation between Church and state was addressed
The Statute of Autonomy of Cataluña
Social reforms
here was intensive social legislation to improve
Wages
Social security for the working class
Working conditions
3-THE BLACK BIENNIUM (1933–1936)
Conservative sectors of society led to the founding of
The Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights
Made up of Fascist Catholic groups
Casas Viejas Incidents discredited the government
Led to Azaña’s resignation
The 1933 elections were won by right-wing parties
The Radical Party led by Alejandro Lerroux took power
CEDA had received most votes so its leader became
Became the arbiter of the political situation
In 1933 José Antonio Primo de Rivera
Founded the Falange Española
A fascist party
In the October Revolution of 1934
insurgents took towns and mining areas in Asturias and Cataluña
In the rest of Spain the general strike failed
Asturias was suppressed and Cataluña lost its autonomy
4-VICTORY OF THE POPULAR FRONT (1936)
Conservatives tried to form a coalition the National Front
But the Popular Front won the elections
An alliance between republicans and socialists
Manuel Azaña appointed president of the Republic
Manuel Azaña reintroduce the reforms between 1931-1933
Repealing the most conservative laws
Reintroduced of the Agricultural Reform
Restoration of Catalan autonomy
Amnesty for political prisioners
Strengthening the educational, social and religious reforms
Disorder and violence spread throughout much of Spain
This lead in the Spanish Civil War between
Nationalists
Republicans
