07 THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC
1 PROCLAMATION AND CONSTITUTION
The provisional republican government undertook urgent reforms
Pact of San Sebastián
improvements in working conditions and the hiring of day labourers
freedom of worship and secularisation measures
an agreement to draw up a statute of autonomy in Cataluña
modernisation of the army and total submission to civil power.
Constitution of 1931
Social rule of law
Universal suffrage starting from the age of 23
Extensive declaration of rights and freedoms
Division of powers
Separation between the Church and the state.
Right of the regions to establish statutes of autonomy.
2 THE REFORMIST BIENNIUM (1931–1933)
Republicans and socialists formed a coalition government under Prime Minister Manuel Azaña
MANUEL AZAÑA (1880–1940)
The Statute of Autonomy of Cataluña.
Army
Agricultural reform
Religion
Education
Social reforms
Manuel Azaña was one of the most important Spanish politicians of the Second Republic
3 THE BLACK BIENNIUM (1933–1936)
Founding of the Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights (CEDA)
NOVEMBER 1933 ELECTIONS
This party was made up of Catholic groups which declared their sympathies with the fascist model.
THE CASAS VIEJAS INCIDENTS
In January 1933, in Cádiz the Civil Guard and Guardia de Asalto brutally suppressed an anarchist uprising
The 1933 elections were won by right-wing parties
the Falange Española was founded in 1933
In the October Revolution of 1934, insurgents took towns and mining areas in Asturias
4 VICTORY OF THE POPULAR FRONT (1936)
The conservatives tried to form a coalition, the National Front.
Elections, led to the constitution of the Popular Front
Most conservative laws
Amnesty for political prisoners
Reintroduction of the Agricultural Reform
Restoration of Catalan autonomy
Strengthening the educational, social and religious reforms
FEBRUARY 1936 ELECTIONS