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FOOD - Coggle Diagram
FOOD
LIPIDS
contains elements C,H,O,
no formula,
no definite ratio,
much more hydrogen
triglycerides are the most common lipid, fats and oils. triglycerides have 4 parts
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
there are many fatty acids & many combinations possible
metabolic role, lipids store energy, lipids are broken down to release this energy
structural role, |PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN CELL MEMBRANE
VITAMINS
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deficient in vitamin D rickets in children osteomalacia in adults.
calcium for teeth and bones
iron for hemoglobin
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70-95% of a cell mass is water, UNIVERSAL SOLVENT
TRANSPORT
DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN METABOLIC REACTIONS
DISACCHARIDES
2 sugar units (monosaccharides bonded together), lactose, sucrose &maltose (amylase)
POLYSACCHARIDES
many sugar units bonded together, starch, glycogen & cellulose,
metabolic role
glucose is broken down to release energy in cellular respiration
structural role
cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls
MONOSACCHARIDES
single sugar unit, glucose C6H12O6, x=y, glucose, fructose & galactose
PROTEINS
contains elements C,H,O,N (sometimes sulfur & phosphorus)
basic unit - amino acid (20 common) - joined by peptide bonds
the chain is called POLYPEPTIDES (folded into particular shapes) shape determines function
fibrous collagen (bonds & tendons), keratin in hair and nails, myosin in muscle
globular enzymes - biological catalysts, hormones chemical messengers
CARBOHYDRATES
contains elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. they have the formula Cx(H20)y
they have a definite ratio of hydrogen to oxygen
2:1 - twice as much hydrogen than oxygen
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biomolecule: chemicals made inside a living organism
all enzymes are protein
C- carbon
H- hydrogen 5 elements found in
O- oxygen dissolved salts
N- nitrogen
P- phosphorus
S- sulfur
dissolved salts
S- odium (sophie)
M- agnesium (makes)
C- hlorine (chipped)
P- otassium (potatoes)
C- calcium (carefully)
3 trace elements
C- copper trace elements needed in tiny
I- iron amounts but essential for life
Z- zinc
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