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07 THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
07 THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC
1 PROCLAMATION AND CONSTITUTION
DIFFICULT RELATIONS WITH THE CHURCH
There were attacks against Church property in Madrid
Elections to Cortes Constituyentes called in order to draft Constitution of 1931
provisional republican government undertook urgent reforms
agreement to draw up a statute of autonomy in Cataluña
freedom of worship and secularisation measures
modernisation of the army and total submission to civil power.
improvements in working conditions and hiring of day labourers
There were constitutional principles.
Division of powers
Extensive declaration of rights and freedoms.
Right of the regions to establish statutes of autonomy.
Universal suffrage starting from the age of 23
Social rule of law
Separation between the Church and the state.
Second Spanish Republic was declared on 14 April 1931
JUNE 1931 ELECTIONS
2 THE REFORMIST BIENNIUM (1931–1933)
SANJURJO’S COUP D’ÉTAT
1932, General José Sanjurjo staged a coup d’état, the Sanjurjada
undertook the main reforms set out in the Constitution
Agricultural reform
Education
Army
Religion
The Statute of Autonomy of Cataluña
Social reforms
MANUEL AZAÑA (1880–1940)
important Spanish politicians of the Second Republic
republicans and socialists formed a coalition government
3 THE BLACK BIENNIUM (1933–1936)
NOVEMBER 1933 ELECTIONS
The casas viejas incident
In the October Revolution of 1934, insurgents took towns and mining areas in Asturias
José Antonio Primo de Rivera founded the Falange Española in 1933
January 1933, Civil Guard and Guardia de Asalto brutally suppressed an anarchist uprising, killing many people
rejection of the Azaña government’s reforms led to founding of the Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights
CLARA CAMPOAMOR (1888–1972)
became a lawyer and fought for women’s rights (rights to vote)
4 VICTORY OF THE POPULAR FRONT (1936)
He wanted to repeal the most conservative laws from the previous biennium.
Amnesty for political prisoners
Reintroduction of the Agricultural Reform
Restoration of Catalan autonomy
Strengthening the educational, social and religious reforms
agreement for an alliance between republicans and socialists to win the elections, led to constitution of the Popular Front
FEBRUARY 1936 ELECTIONS
conservatives tried to form a coalition, the National Front
