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Verbal complexes with Participle 2, Verbal complexes with participle 1 -…
Verbal complexes with Participle 2
The COMPLEX OBJECT (participle 2)
After verb of sense perception
e.g. I see Miss Murdstone secretly overjoyed
After verbs of emotion and wish
e.g. I hate the phone broken tonight.
After verbs of mental activity and declaring
e.g. He believed (reported) me gone
After verbs denoting compulsion:
e.g. I want to have my photo taken
e.g. When I get this window cleared, we're moving to the next room.
The COMPLEX SUBJECT
The verbs of sense perception, such as to hear, to see, etc.
e.g. The box was seen carried away
The verbs of mental activity and declaring, such as to believe, to consider, etc.
e.g. The letter was reported sent at once
e.g. He is believed to be bewildered by witches.
The NOMINATIVE ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION
It is always marked by a comma and used as an adverbial modifier of time, cause, attendant circumstances or condition
"The bell
repeated
, we walked towards the door"
"It was your idea", she said, hands stuck deep in her new jeans.
THE PREPOSITIONAL ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION WITH PARTICIPLE 2
It is introduced by the preposition with and always marked by a comma
It is used in the function of an adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances or manner
With the table laid, she will have nothing more to do.
It is evening: I sit in the same chair, by the same bed, with the same face turned towards me.
Verbal complexes with participle 1
THE COMPLEX OBJECT
After verbs of sense perception, such as to feel, to hear, etc.
e.g. She could see them moving about now and then upon the upper floors.
NB! The Participle 1 emphasized the process of action performing while the use of infinitive is required if a succession of actions is expressed
e.g. I saw my mother stop her tears then, and I her her crying. VS. I saw my mother look at me sometimes, and then glance at the watchful Miss Murdstone, and the look down or look away.
THE COMPLEX SUBJECT
is chiefly used with verbs of sense perception in the Passive Voice, such as to feel, to notice, etc.
e.g. He was watched playing the piano
The Nominative Absolute Construction
an adverbial modifier of
time
e.g. Dinner having been served, we went to the dining room.
an adverbial modifier of
cause
e.g. Her hand being hurt, she began crying
an adverbial modifier of
attendant circumstances
e.g. "How long does it take?" ricky asked, his voice quivering
an adverbial modifier of
condition
e.g. We are leaving in the morning, the weather permitting.
The Prepositional Absolute Construction with Participle I
It is used in the function of an adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances.
There've been some pretty severe personality clashes, with your dad being accused of everything under the Sun.