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Changing Places but better - Coggle Diagram
Changing Places but better
Place
A location with different meaning to different individuals.
Relph
’Reimagine the static and dimensional aspects of place’
‘Placelessness’
A place is not unique (chain shops) similar locales inspire similar experiences thus emotional attachments which are consequently objective.
This could be argued that people define the place more than its substance as the individual willl create their own memories which will differ from the next in the same place.
Locales are locations associated with everyday activities which determine social interactions, behavioural traits and subconscious stereotypes.
Place has an emotional and relationship with people, thus its subjectivity.
Sense of Place
is the sentimental attachment to a place
Different senses of place can be applied to the same location, dependent on their locale, lived experience, and status.
Yi-Fu Tuan "Geographical horizons expand in parallel with out ability to explore the world" meaning the attachment we have to a place is influenced by our depth of knowledge and understanding of it
However, our attachment is also influenced by the intensity or quality experience we have there
Attachment
grows over time according to Yi-Fu Tuan due to lived experience.
These experiences have different levels of intensity.
Topophilia
involves the love of a place and a strogn sense of attachment (opposite topophobia)
It could be argued that topophoiba can still create a strong attachment to a place however, this attachment will be negative.
Genius Loci
is the spirit of a place
However the idea that every place has a true nature is argued as doreen massey suggests places are socially constructed
Types of Place
Near Place
Close to us, again subjective
Far Place
Distant places, emotionally such as home-sickness
Experienced Place
Places that one has visited, as this needs to be done to form an attachment.
Media Place
Learnt throguh media representations that we have not visited, lack of sensual stimulation.
Paris Syndrome
Place Character
relates to specific qualities of a location that makes it unique affected by endogenous and exogenous factors
Endogenous Factors
Originate from inside the place
Land Use
Topography
Physical Geography and Location
Infrastructure
Demographics
Built environment
Economic characteristics
Exogenous Factors
Originate from outside a place providing linkages and relationships with other places (flows)
People (immigration)
Investment
Resources
Ideas
Endogenous factors overtime are a affected by exogenous factors.
Place Perspective
Insiders
Citizenship/ birth place
Local language fluency
Norm conformity
Familiar architecture
Tim Cresswell "People, things and places a strongly linked. When a person is out of place a crime is committed"
Outsiders
Do not feel a sense of belonging to a place, tend to cluster with other outsiders
Perspective of place can change overtime people can become more familiar or unfamiliar with a place.
Deindustrialistion, urban sprawl, mass immigration and gentrification may impact the perspective of place an individual has.
Loss of place character which enveloped the unique sense of place e.g clone towns.
Incraesed social friction between insiders and outsiders may result in more pressing issues such as social segregation, racism and xenophobia as well as wider inequalities.
Orientalism is the limitation or depiction of the eastern world created by the west - links to insiders vs outsider perspective e.g. the west thought the middle east was barbaric and that they could not save themselves
Place Sources of Information
Census
Comparable past and present demographic and economic characteristics.
Reliable
Quantitiative thus ignore subjective opinion
Art and Media
Subjective opinion
Presents culture and lived experience
Difficult to compare and measure
Advertising
Multiple dimensions of place
Presented as biased
Some places have limited advertising.
Maps and Photos
Comparable past and present
Change over time
Objective and unlikely to be altered
Subjective view/ angle
Forces of Change
refer to organisational bodies which drive a change in place characteristics.
Community groups, governments, TNCs, National/ INternational organisations, individuals.
Rebranding
process by which forces of change aim to adapt the place meaning of a location
to encourage tourism
overcome negative connotations
reduce social inequality
Impacts of Different Flows on
Demographic change of a place
Flows of people can change any of the demographic characteristics of a place e.g. on an international scale, the migration of people from North Africa to Europe has changed the gender balance of some towns as a larger proportion of the migrants are male
Flows of money and investment in the London Docklands when 7.9 billion private investment arrived and rejuvenated the area causing an influx of young, educated individuals.
Flow of resources or ideas such as birth control can affect demographic characteristics e.g. the UNFPA supply birth control to poor LICS which affect the population size
Cultural characteristic of a place
flow of people = bring culture with them
Diversity of choice- postmoderism
flow of money or investment = new culture ideas e.g. when mcdonalds expanded they brought western food style with them globally
Locale is determined by the flows of people
London Docklands saw a decline in traditional services such as laundromats to cater for more middle class residents.
Extends to implementation of social policy such as faith schools.
Economic characteristic of a place
flow of people can change the economic characteristics of a place for example in Great missenden in 1811 over 50% of the families used to be in agriculture however it is now seen as a commuter settlement partly due to new transport links and flow of people