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THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC, frente popular, manuel azaña, fent epopular…
THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC
PROCLAMATION AND CONSTITUTION
the republic
declared in 14 April 1913
provisional republican government
reforms
improvements
working conditions
hiring of day labourers
religion
freedom of worship
secularisation measures
statue of autonomy in Cataluña
modernisation of the army
submission of the civil power
the Catholic Church
harmed by the new regime
received the republic with distrust
republicans were strongly anticlerical
Constitution of 1913
Constitutional principles
Social rule of law
republic of workers from all classes
Universal suffrage
starting at the age of 23
women's right to vote was recognised
declaration of rights and freedoms
divorce
civil marriage
right for illegitimate children
free and secular public education
Division of powers
legislative
Cortes
executive
president of the republic
judicial
the law courts
Right for regions to establish statues of autonomy
secularisation
division of the state and the church
THE REFORMIST BIENNIUM
Coalition government
prime minister
Manuel Azaña
reforms
set out in the Constitution
The Statute of Autonomy of Cataluña
Generalitat
the autonomous government
procedures also began in
Pais Vasco
Galicia
Aragón
Andalucia
islas Baleares
Valencia
Army
the Guardia de Asalto
swear allegiance to the Republic
Agricultural reform
land was redistribuited
provided with land
day labourers
poor peasants
Education
to improve the
cultural level
opportunities of lower classes
to modernise the country
over 10,000 schools built
teachers were better paid
Religion
Jesuits were expelled
wanted to create a secular society
follow the constitution
civil marriage
divorce
Social reforms
improve working conditions
social security for the working class
workers’ retirement insurance
insurance against accidents at work
right to strike
dismissal conditions
workers’ right to paid holidays
THE BLACK BIENNIUM
THE CASAS VIEJAS INCIDENTS
January 1933
suppression of an anarchist uprising
led to Azaña’s resignation
many people was killed
Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights (CEDA
catholic groups
sympathises to Fascism
leader
José María Gil Robles
wanted to reverse the reforms
arbiter of the political situation
gave amnesty to those who planed the coup d'état
Falange Española
founded by Jose Antonio primo de Ribera
Fascist party
aggression against worker's organisations
October Revolution of 1934
revolutionary movement
socialists
trade unions
in Asturias
general strike
in Cataluña
establish an autonomous federal governmenti
in the rest of Spain
failed
suppression and consequences
Cataluña lost its autonomy
the army brutally repressed the revolutionaries
VICTORY OF THE POPULAR FRONT
elections of February 1936
national front
a coalition of conservatives
left-wing
deal with the lack of unity
tried to achieve and agreement
The Popular Front
won the elections
formed by
left republicans
socialists
peripheral nationalists
communists
Manuel Azaña was appointed president
his programme
to reintroduce the reforms
repealing the conservative measures
reforms
Amnesty for political prisoners
imprisoned during the strikes
reintroduction of the agrarian reform
restoration of Catalan autonomy
strengthen reforms of the reformist biennium
social
educational
religious
situation in Spain
disorder and violence
anarchists
burnt religious buildings
the Falange
terrorist attacks
assaults on nationalists or worker's organisations
in the Basque country
in Cataluña
the military and far-right organisations
opposed the Popular Front's reforms
conspired against a coup d'état
murders that led to the military uprising
Lieutinant Castillo
José Calvo Sotelo
