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03 THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRACY AND THE RISE OF TOTALITARIANISM, image, image,…
03 THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRACY AND THE RISE OF TOTALITARIANISM
parliamentary democracies eroded in the 1920s
main reason was crisis of the capitalist system
manifested in Europe both by post-war difficulties (1919–1923) and in the recession that started in 1929
Soviet Union was not so affected by the Great Depression
had a different economic system
trade unions and communist parties became stronger
Members of the wealthy and middle classes
were afraid of Soviet example
started supporting dictatorial models and rejected the existence of workers’ organisations
At the end of the 1930s, dictatorships in Europe predominated over democracies
Some dictatorships were totalitarian regimes with some common characteristics
official state ideology
single mass party and mobilisation of the masses
all-embracing state
repression
exaltation of the dictator
system of terror and violence
dictatorship
Facing the rise of dictatorships, Great Britain overcame its economic problems
thanks to the strength of its political institutions
managed to preserve democracy
France had to form the Popular Front
a leftist unity government
to contain the rise of the extreme right
