Superpowers
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Anglo Saxon and Norman England
Anglo Saxon Life
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Exam Questions (Section 2)
Exam Questions (Section 1)
Q1) "Explain two consequences of..." (8 marks-10 minutes)
Q2) Narrative account (8 marks-15 minutes)
(State the first consequence, then explain the consequence with detail and keywords and events.) x2
Chronological, 3 events.
1st event - What led to the crisis worsening?
2nd and 3rd event - Repeat the technique
Q4) a) Describe two features of... (4 marks-5 minutes)
Identify the feature and explain it
Optional Conclusion
The Prague Spring 1968-9
January 1968, Czechoslovakia is in the Warsaw Pact and Dubcek introduced reforms such as freedom of speech and aims for "Socialism with a human face."
Causes
Events
Outcomes
The Western world condemned the invasion but ultimately did nothing.
Western European Communist Parties declare themselves independent from the USSR.
The Brezhnev Doctrine kept Soviet Satellites under control of Moscow.
Albania resigned from the Warsaw Pact as they believed the USSR was too soft
Yugoslavia and Romania outraged and formed alliances with China.
Dubcek aimed to create a popular form of communism - "Socialism with a human face." The reforms were welcomed by students, intellectuals, workers and young communists.
Brezhnev became concerned that the USSR would look weak and that these reforms would encourage other Warsaw Pact countries to break away.
And then in Aug 1968, the Brezhnev Doctrine gave the USSR the right to invade any Eastern European country that threatened the security of the Eastern Bloc and in the same month Soviet troops invaded the country and Dubcek was arrested.
Many Czechoslovaks participated in passive resistance. For examples standing in front of tanks.
Czechoslovakia had not recovered well from the Second World War.
Secret Police was hated.
Dubcek inaugurated.
The Church
Lanfranc
Bishop Odo of Bayeux
His Significance
Revolted against WIlliam Rufus and wanted Robert Curthose as leader
"Able to dispose justice like a 2nd King." - Oderic
Imprisoned by WIlliam in 1082 after planning an attack on Italy even after William had ordered him to abandon the plan
Angers Lanfranc
Extremely unpopular - Land Grabs, corruption, pages and pages of complaints about him in the Domesday book
Put on missions when Archbishop of Durham is killed to lay waste to the region (Revolt of the Earls in 1075)
Co-regent when William is away
Second largest landowner to William in England, worth £3,000 a year
Involved in sorting the fleet for the Norman Invasion
He's William's half-brother
Reforms
Celibacy of priests
Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury signifying the beginning of Normanisation.
Use of regular councils and archdeacons
AImed to tackle simony, nepotism and pluralism
Built monasteries
Set up church courts
Satellite States
Consequence - Iron curtain, a formal line between the two conflicting ideologies
Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan - Aid to countries threatened by Soviet Communism
Showed the rising influence of the USSR over Europe
Cuban Revolution
Hungarian Uprising
Berlin Airlift
Background: Potsdam conference divided Germany into 4 occupied zones
Problem: Western powers develop policies for West Germany and set up a Derman assembly, constitution and Deutschmark.
Stalin had not been consulted and was reluctant to allow further US influence over Germany especially economically
Imre Nagy appointed by Krushchev to sort riots
Krushchev was fin with his many reforms until he tried to leave the Wardaw pact
6000 tanks were sent and 200000 troops were sent and 20000 citizens of Hungary were killed