Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Case studies - Coggle Diagram
Case studies
YEMEN
: sovereignty challenged
Context
Relatively new sovereign state, since 1990 by merging North and former communist-run South Yemen
Population = 30 million
Capital = Sanaa
Services: 70%
First in the State Fragility Index and 177/193th among UN states with a HDI of 0.463
Challenges made to the government
Yemen's Houthi Shia Muslim movement has ousted the recognised government from power due to the corruption of the current government. There have been demands for electoral reform.
Intervention by Saudi-led coalition could be viewed as a challenge to the sovereignty. Coalition made airstrikes against Houthi in an attempt to restore previous government.
Separatist anti-Houthi groups seek independence for South Yemen however this ended recently due to an agreement made with government
Reports of terrorist activity by Al-Qaeda on Shia mosques in Sanaa
Impact on people and places
PEOPLE
Fatalities due to conflict: 18,000
80% of population require humanitarian assistance
Malnutrition threatens 2 million lives
Large cholera outbreak
5 million children with no access to education
PLACES
Infrastructure
North of Yemen - Lack of cooperation between Houthi and aid agencies has meant that people do not have access to medicine = undernutrition
Marib - attacks on hospitals, limiting the service
Al Hudayah (the entry port for aid) - attacked by Saudi-led government and so impeded delivery of aid
MALI
: impact of global governance
Context
Tuareg are a very dominant ethnic group in Mali
Capital, Bamako has most economic activity
Gold, cotton and agricultural exports generate income
Country largely depends on aid and remittances
Sovereignty/territorial integrity issues
Separatism
The Tuareg group declares independence for Azawad, an area in NE Mali
The ethnic division between Mali and the Tuareg was not accounted for when the boundaries were drawn by European colonial powers
Azawad has been neglected by current government and the most recent military coup in 2012 was a result of this failure to protect citizens
Terrorism
Rapid growth of groups linked to Al-Qaeda and Islamic State which have led to attacks on UN forces
Trafficking of people and contraband between Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso has led to threatened security
Schools targeted which reduces access to education and increases vulnerability to sex exploitation
STRATEGIES
MINUSMA : support 2015 Peace agreement
UNCHR, UNICEF, OCHA
ECOWAS: mediation
5100 French troops
The Sahel Alliance launched in 2017
NGO's like Oxfam
Impacts?
Advantages
Preserving sovereignty and territorial integrity
Strengthen governance of mining sector
Accelerating infrastructural projects like electrification
Improving health facilities
Diversifying Mali's industry to reduce vulnerability to commodity price fluctuations
Disadvantages
Mali is still one of the poorest nations
Deep rooted linguistic and cultural divisions between ethnic groups
Urban-rural inequalities
Inability to protect citizens rights; especially women and girls
1 more item...
SOUTH SUDAN
: strategies for global governance
Context
World's newest sovereign state, gained independence in 2011
Population of 15 million in 2020
Country relies on agriculture which has been destroyed during conflict, putting many lives at risk
4 million people dislocated
7 million requiring assistance; most being women and girls who are subject to trafficking
96% of exports are crude oil and so not much versatility in production flow
82% population living below poverty line (US$1.90/day)
1 more item...
UN provides people, money and technology
Government
In 2013, civil war began along ethnic lines and intervention was necessary due the government's failure to protect its citizens
The government did not want tocooperate with NGOs
Power-sharing agreement was reached but there are still UN reports of looting, mismanagement of spending, pillaging and conflict
NGO's
Around 400 members of the South Sudan NGO forum who are keen to help but their work is hindered by attacks on aid workers
CONSEQUENCES
Aid agencies have positioned essential supplies during the dry season, solving food insecurities
Villagers trained under WFP to maintain livestock health to improve food security
UNICEF helped children reunite with families and return them to school
Women supported with antenatal and childbirth care
1 more item...