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Marriage, divorce, cohabitation and childbearing - Coggle Diagram
Marriage, divorce, cohabitation and childbearing
Marriage
Trends:
Fewer people getting married (cohabitation)
More remarriages
Serial monogamy = married, divorced, remarried
Getting married at a later age
Less likely to be married in a Church.
Reasons for the decline in marriage:
Changing attitudes/ decline in stigma - (Societal approval of cohabitation, Remaining single instead)
Secularisation - (Decline in influence of religion+church softening views)
Opportunities for women (careers)
Fear of divorce
Functions of marriage for individuals:
Stabilising influence
Traditional fantasies
Reproductive
Financial
Legal
Security for children
Divorce
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Who is getting divorce?
Young couples likely to grow apart than those who marry later
Lower the class of the husband the higher the divorce rates. [Keiran Mueller] unemployment, state benefits and low income are associated with high divorce rates.
Remarriages likely to end in divorce
If they experienced parental divorce they are likely to accept it
Views of divorce
New Right: Divorce is undesirable and undermines nuclear family. Murray - divorce is due to immoral society (decline in religion and increase sexual promiscuity) and over generous welfare system
Feminist: Gittins - women are disillusioned by the idea of marriage and most divorce cases are filed by women Divorce is desirable and can afford divorce due to financial independence, women are breaking from patriarchy and oppression.
Postmodernist: Individualisation thesis, freedom to choose family.
Functionalist - Fletcher: RIse in divorce is positive as it demonstrates the importance of marriages thus the ideal of marriage remains strong.
Personal life perspective: divorce cannot be generalised and it depends on what divorce means to the individual.
Marxism: Hart - divorce is product of conflict between changing economic system such as women working, media pressure on consumerism and capitalism overall. This puts pressure on families
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Child bearing trends
Children born outside marriage, Having children at a later age, Having fewer children, Choosing to remain childless
Reasons:
Declining stigma
Career focused
Decline IMR
Children are economic liability
Child centredness
Increase in contraception.
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