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paper 3 - gender, atypical gender development, brain - Coggle Diagram
paper 3 - gender
key definitions
sex - biological consequences determined by xx or xy chromosomes, enacted by hormones : testosterone, oestrogen and progesterone
gender - socially and psychological. we all have attitudes towards gender that lead to expected behaviours
Batista boys - 4 boys born as girls (genitalia concealed). at puberty their genitalia was exposed and they grew up as boys. no difficulty transitioning
intersex - general term for variety of conditions in which a person is born with a sexual anatomy which does not fit the typical definition of male or female
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social learning theory
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direct learning - directly involved in the reinforcement. for example girl being praised for putting makeup on. +ve = desirable, -ve = punished
indirect learning - not directly involved in reinforcement. for example a boy seeing brother be punished for playing with dolls will know not to recreate their behaviour
meditational processes - attention ,retention, reproduction, motivation
evaluate
smith and Lloyd - toys with boys name played with physically, girls sensitively
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sex role stereotypes
women = nurturers, men = playmate/worker
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media and culture
media
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buffoon - males ridiculed for showing feminine traits, action hero - males praised for being strong, mothers = nurturer
evaluate
williams - before intro of media, stereotypes low, 2y later increased, abnormalities not explained
culture
samoan culture, 3rd gender fa-afafine, male who internalises western female gender
evaluate - low internal validity, has to be an observation, culture bias
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