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MBIO topic 2 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Tm:
        
        temperature at which half of the DNA strands are in the double helical state and half in random coil state
- - - - nitrogenous base attached to 1C, phosphate group attached to 5C
        
        2 H groups attached to 2C on pentose sugar(deoxy)
    - - 1 H group and 1 OH group attached to 2C on ribose sugar
        
        bases are adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine
      - RNA is heavily involved in the entire process of gene expression(does not store genetic information)
        
        types of RNA
        
        ribosomal RNA(rRNA): form ribosome with ribosomal protein
        
        transfer RNA(tRNA): carry amino acids to ribosome to be assembled into proteins
        
        small nuclear RNA(snRNA):involed in processing of precursor RNA
        
        micro RNA(miRNA): involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing through RNA interference
        
        messenger RNA(mRNA)
        
        coding RNA that contains the coding sequence to be translated into protein sequence
    - - nuceloside+phosphate=nucleotide
        
        nucleotides are connected thru phosphodiester bonds
        
        phosphate group of the next nucleotide attach to 3'OH group during DNA/RNA synthesis to form phosphodiester bonds
        
        end of polymer with a free phosphate is the 5', the other end with a free 3'OH group is the 3'
        
        nucleotide sequences are usually written in 5'->3' direction
        
        naming nucelotides
        
        di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, septa-, octa- etc. (< 10 residues)
        
        • oligo- (< 20 residues)
        
        • poly- (>20 residues
- - - - A+G=T+C(amt of purines=amt of pyrimidines)
- - - - pure RNA:A260/280=~2.0
        
        concentration of ssDNA/ssRNA=A260 of ssDNA/RNA*40microg/ml
      - conc of dsDNA=A260 value*50