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Whats make new York a Global, have to face with economic changes and…
Whats make new York a Global
Positive aspects
A symbol of globalisation
Political influence
UNO Headquarters
Ambassadors of 200 nations
An international hub
3 major harbours
Newark / Jersey / Red Hook
81 MT arrived in those harbours
=/ 740 MT at Shangai
3 major airports
JFK airport / La Guardia / Newark-New Jersey
Smallest ones
Westchester County / Long Island / Stewart
120 M of passengers
2e busiest airport system
London = 1e
tourism flow
50 M of tourist/year
Much than London
$ 35 billion generated
more than in London but less than in Paris
Famous locations
famous places
Liberty Island / Ellis Island / Times Square / Central Park...
Famous museum
MOMA / Guggenheim / Metropolitan
Famous entertainment
Madison Square Garden / Broadway theatres / Fifth Avenue
Population = Salad Bowl
8.2 M people in the center / 22 M in total
Multi-cultural
more than 150 differents nationalities
176 languages spoken
Different communities
Portoricans / Jamaicans / Chinese / Italians...
specific neighborhood. Ex : China Town / Little Italy
25 % don't speak English
main aspects of its power
Manhattan = heart of power
concentration of economic activites
2M people work here
CBD
Downtown / Midtown
concentration high level activites
TNC's headquartes, banking, insurance companies
Buildings
World Trade Center (1776 feet = ref independance)
Twin tours (Ground Zero and Memorial)
Financial power
Several Stock Exchange (6)
deal with different matters : shares / raw materials / tropical products ...
New York Excchange
Wall Street
deal with shares for major TNC's / quotations of commodities :
NASDAQ
quotation of many NTIC and high-tech companies
NYC financial System
Hundred of banks
A major Role in the world
crisis 39 and 2008 = chaos in the world financial system
Economic power
powerful industrial centre
235 000 manufacturing jobs
metallurgy, chemicals, garments, furniture, food making...
New technologies
Silicon Alley
links with big universities. Ex : Colombia
45000 employement
culture industry
Media
newspaper
200 newspaper / magazine. eg : Time Magazine
powerful TV and film industry
Hollywood
100 000 employment
Negative aspects
Adaptation to the world economic competition
60's until toady
had to adapted new economic rules
in American territory
To compete with the global market
late 70's
plan of a new industrial geography
first generation industry
losing those activities
second generation industry
unemployement
Tertiary Sector
creation of new jobs
higher qualifications of employees
1 more item...
Social difficulties
unemployement
10 % of pop
8 % of pop
poverty
21 % of pop lie under poverty line
low qualified
low-paid jobs
development high-level activities
social gap
20 % poorest
average revenue of 9000 $
20 % richest
average revenue of 222 000$
increasing during those years
severe cuts in social budget
worsened their situation
Spatial discrepancies
social segregation
minorities = poor district
Hispanic
Poverty 30 % of workers
bad living conditions
Afro-American
hurricane Sandy (Oct. 2012)
destruction of poor districts
richest ones intact
gentrification
intermediate class
move to suburbs
Manhattan
apartment with view Central Park = the most expensive
$ 1 M each
restructure
re-attract more affluent people
Harlem
= poor and dangerous district
new urban planning
Where the poorest inhabitants will go ?
More visible socio-sapatial segregation for experts
have to face with economic changes and difficulties
competition with foreign industries
first generation of industries declined
did not match
to resist
replace employees by robots
in 2010
recently
in 2014
development of poverty
e.g.
expansion of phenomen