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photosynthesis - Coggle Diagram
photosynthesis
The process where plants, algae & photosynthetic bacteria capture light energy that is used to synthesize carbohydrates.
CO2, H2O & energy is used to make carbohydrates & O2
Heterotrophs gain organic molecules in their food, whilst autotrophs create organic molecules from inorganic sources. Photoautotrophs utilize energy from light to make organic molecules.
Energy cycle in the biosphere where photosynthesis uses light, CO2 & H2O to create organic molecules. Then, organic molecules are broken down back to CO2 & H2O in cellular respiration to use ATP
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variations
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CAM plants prevent photorespiration by fixing CO2 into 4 carbon molecules at night, then run calvin cycle during the day with their stomata close, preventing water loss.
Some C4 plants avoid photorespiration by incorporation CO2 in PEP carboxylase first into 4 carbon molecules pumped from mesophyll cells into bundle sheath cells.
Calvin cycle
composed of 3 phases: carbon fixation, reduction and carbohydrate production, regeneration of RuBP.
ATP is utilized as energy and NADPH is used as a source of high energy e- to incorporate CO2 into carbohydrate.
Calvin and Benson determined the steps in Calvin cycle by isotope-labelling methods and paper chromatography.
Photosystems
In light harvesting complex of PSll, pigment molecules absorb light energy.
Z scheme proposes that an e- absorbs light energy 2 times in PSll and PSl. Losing some energy as it flows in ETC.
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High energy from PS80 transfer to primary
electron acceptor, e- from H2O replaces e- lost by P680