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THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC
Proclamation And Constitution
Constitution of 1931
constitutional principles
Division of powers
executive
head of state
judicial
law courts
legislative
single-chamber Cortes
Right of the regions
to establish statutes of autonomy
first time in Spain’s history
Extensive declaration of rights and freedoms
divorce, education, civil marriage and equal rights for illegitimate children
Separation between the Church and the state
Universal suffrage
women’s right to vote
elections of November 1933
starting from the age of 23
Social rule of law
‘Republic of workers from all classes’
Cortes selected
Manuel Azaña
prime minister
Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
first president
Elections to Cortes Constituyentes
freedom and social justice
individual rights
modern democratic regime
Republic
harmed the Catholic Church
important role in education
clergy didn't like it
provisional republican government
urgent reforms
freedom of worship
a statute of autonomy in Cataluña
improvements in working condition
modernisation of the army
total submission to civil power
Second Spanish Republic
The Reformist Biennium (1931–1933)
Manuel Azaña (1880–1940)
served as prime minister
went to exile to France
Spanish politician
main republican leader
Coalition government
Agricultural reforms
redistributed to provide land
Education
improve the cultural level and opportunities
priority
10,000 primary schools
Army
Guardia de Asalto
maintain order
Religion
Constitution
clergy ended
Church and estate were separated
The Statute of Autonomy of Cataluña
approved by the Cortes in 1932
and Generalitat government
Social reforms
right to strike and paid holidays
improved conditions
insurance
republicans and socialists
Prime Minister Manuel Azaña
Sanjurjo's Coup D’etat (1932)
Spanish people didn't accept
autonomy statutes
new regime
unhappy citizens
landowners
employers
army
clergy
Sanjurjada
General José Sanjurjo
suppressed by the government
conservative resistance to the Republic
The Black Biennium (1933–1936)
Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights (CEDA)
The "Casas Viejas" incidents
Civil Guard and Guardia de Asalto
suppressed an anarchist uprising
Killed many people
shot people who weren't involved
and their families
fall of Manuel Azaña’s government
January 1933, Cádiz
anarchists
not a violent opposition
Catholic groups
sympathies with the fascist model
rejection of the Azaña government
New elections (1933)
José María Gil Robles
leader of CEDA
reverse the reforms
amnesty for who planned the Sanjurjada
José Antonio Primo de Rivera
violent campaign
against workers’ organisations
founded the Falange Española
minority fascist party
right-wing parties won
October Revolution of 1934
Cataluña
lost its autonomy
established an autonomous federal government
the statutes in place were blocked
Spain
general strike failed
lack of coordination
army repressed revolutionaries
revolutionary movement
fear of fascism
CEDA became part of the government
trade unions and socialists
insurgents
took towns and mining areas in Asturias
Victory Of The Popular Front (1936)
Popular Front
republicans and socialists
were more united
reach an agreement
won the elections
left-wing
changed the strategy
made up of
socialists and communists
peripheral nationalists
republican parties
Azaña: appointed president of the Republic
National Front
elections: February 1936
CEDA not united
conservatives tried a coalition
Manuel Azaña's reforms
Restoration of Catalan autonomy
trengthening the educational, social and religious reforms
reintroduction of the Agricultural Reform
abolished by CEDA
Amnesty for political prisoners
Spain
fire to religious buildings
Falange
terrorist attacks
continued assaults
Disorder and violence
members of the military
supported by landowners
created a coup d’état
opposed to the Popular Front
killed
Lieutenant Castillo
member of PSOE
José Calvo Sotelo
conservative leader
