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4. STALINISM & 5. FASCISM, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
4. STALINISM & 5. FASCISM
STALINISM
Lenin died
in
1924
First,
Trotsky
and
Stalin wanted
to
rule together
But
Stalin eliminated Trotsky
Stalin established himself as the leader
The
USSR began, totalitarian phase
Stalin tried to control communist parties around the world
Thrid International
or
Comintern
Stalin made
waves of
political terror
(1930s)
Stalinist purges
Stalin change
the
NEP
with
economic planning
and
centralistaion
He used
five-year plans
Collectivisation of agriculture
Kulaks: Wealthy peasants
The
new policy
Accelerated economic growth
But
suffered
significant
social rejection
Joseph Stalin
(1879-1953)
Known as Koba
Born in Georgia
CHARACTERISTICS OF FASCIST REGIMES
Anti-communism
,
anti-liberalism
and
anti-feminism
Imperialism
and
militarism
Rascism
and
Xenophobia
Corporate state
Radical nationalism
State-led capitalist economy
Irrationalism
Belligerence
against international institutions
Totalitarism
ITALIAN FASCISM
The
ideology began after WWI
as a consequences of different factors
Post-war economic crisis
Bankruptcy
of the
liberal parliament system
Frustration
Irrationalism
Benito Mussilini founded
the
National Fascist Party
(1921)
March on Rome
(1922)
Was
undertaken
by the
Blackshirts
the socialist
Giacomo Matteotti
was
assessinated
by the
fascists
(1925)
The
Parliament
was
dissolved
and a
fascist dictatorship
was
installed
Political repression began
The
crisis of 1929 affected Italy
so the
imperialist expansion began
they
used propaganda apparatus
ANTI-SEMITISM
THE NIGHT OF BROKEN GLASS
November 1938,
Nazi militants
and
volunteers
Assaulted Jewish neighbourhoods
They:
Destroyed shops
Destroyed synagogues
Murdered hundreads of people
It was the
discrimination against Jews
and
their culture
It was one of the
ideological foundations
of the
Nazi Party
the
law was approved
in the
congress
in 1935
1939,
Jews required
to
wear
a
yellow Star of David
on
their clothes
to be
identified
The
start of growing harassment against
Their
families
Their
property
Jews
NAZISM
Adolf Hitler
was the
leader
of the National Socialist German Workers' Party known as the
Nazi Party
Nazi ideology
Anti-Semitism
Anti-communism
The
murder of disabled people
Achievement to
living space
Superiority of the Aryan race
Revanchism
(against France)
Nazi Party took advantage of the crisis
to carry out the
Munich Putsch
Hitler established
a
new order
(1934)
Third Reich
He became:
Chancellor
Commander
of the
army
President
The
economic growth
in
Gemany ended
(end of the 1930s)
But
expand its empire
(Austria and Czechoslovakia)
Gestapo
Political police founded in 1936
the
SS
(June,1934)
elite Nazi corps
attack
the
SA
Nazi paramilitary organisation
Most of the
SA leaders
were
assassinated
in the
Night of the Long Knives
