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Ecology - Coggle Diagram
Ecology
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Abiotic
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Sunlight
Provides light energy for plants to carry out photosynthesis, allows organisms to avoid danger and look for food, provides warmth to living organisms.
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Air
Provides CO2 for plants to carry out photosynthesis, provides oxygen for living organisms to carry out aerobic respiration
Temperature
Affects the growth, activities and the survival of organisms
Water
It is an important abiotic component which affect the life of all living organisms as living cells are made up of water mainly, water provides suitable habitat for marine life.
Minerals
They are substances that provides essential elements for the plants to grow healthily, these essential elements such as potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus, are needed for the plants to make chlorophyll, enzymes, hereditary material or vitamins. They are obtained by the plants from soil.
Over hunting
Over fishing, humans kill them for food, for rercreation or for making valuable products
Ban or discourage the use of drift nets, use net with appropriate mesh size
Pollution
Water pollution caused by chemical waste discharged, air pollution is caused by desroying the ozone layer
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Deforestation
Loses their natural habitat, enhanced greenhouse effect, soil erosion- no more roots to hold the soil together, no canopy layer, reduces the process of photosynthesis.
New seedlings, forest reserves.
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Food chain
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90% of the energy is lost in the form of heat to the atmosphere from each level mainly through respiration, urine, faeces and perspiration.
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What is a ecosystem
An ecosystem is a complex system of interaction between biotic components and abiotic components in a certain geographical location
Biotic
Biotic components of the biological influences on organisms a biotic component is any living parts of the environment with switch and organism might ignorant the interaction between organisms of differences in the living
Predator-prey
An organism kills and consumes the other organism that eats another organism. A prey is the organism which the predator eats. The period of interactions among organisms is short.
Parasitism
An organism gains benefits from another organism and causes harm to the host at the same time. The period of interaction among organisms is longer.
Mutualism
When two organisms of diffferent species interact together, each benefits from the relationship. The interaction period is longer.
Commensalism
It is a form of relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits but the other is not harmed or benefitted.
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Carbon cycle
Atmospheric, producer, fossil fuels, decomposers, consumers
Photosynthesis, respiration, combustion, decomposition, respiration.
Nitrogen cycle
Atmospheric nitrogen gas, nitrates, decomposers, ammonia and ammonium compounds, consumers, plants
Nitrogen fixation(bacteria), Nitrogen fixation(lightning), dentrification(bacteria)