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Biology and behaviour - Coggle Diagram

- - - - sensorimotor reflexes
        
        superior = visual
        
        inferior = auditory
  - - - complex perceptual, cognitive and behavioral processes
      - frontal
        
        prefrontal
        
        executive function
        
        motor
        
        voluntary muscle movements
      - parietal
        
        somatosensory
        
        touch, pressure, temperature pain
        
        spatial processing and manipulation
      - occipital
        
        visual cortex
        
        visual processing
      - temporal
        
        auditory cortex
        
        audio processing
        
        Wernickes area
        
        language comprehension
    - - movement
      - coordinates signals from cerebral cortex
      - posture
    - - emotion and memory
      - septal nuclei
        
        pleasure centre
      - amygdala
        
        defensive and aggressive behavior
      - hippocampus
        
        learning and memory
    - - sensory relay station (except for smell)
    - - hunger, thirst and emotion
      - lateral
        
        triggers eating and drinking
      - ventromedial
        
        stops eating
      - anterior
        
        sexual behavior
  - - - heart, vital reflexes
    - - arousal and alertness
    - - refined motor movement
    - - communication with brain
      - breathing
  - - - Surface electrical activity
    - - regional blood flow (radioactive tracer)
    - - cross sectional x-rays
    - - dispersion and uptake of radioactive sugar
    - - maps hydrogen densities
    - - measures changes associated with blood flow
  - - - opposite sides
      - sight, movement
    - - same side
      - hearing
    - - stimulated during language reception and production
      - analytic in function
    - - intuition, creativity, music and spatial processing
- - - - master gland
      - controlled by hypothalamus
    - - adrenal medulla
        
        epinephrine
        
        norepinephrine
      - adrenal cortex
        
        cortisol
        
        sex hormones
      - Gonads
        
        sex hormones
  - - - monozygotic = identical (100%)
      - dizygotic = fraternal (50%)
      - differences between MZ and DZ suggests genetics
  - - - parasympathetic
      - muscle control attention and arousal
    - - sympathetic nervous system
      - epinephrine secreted from adrenal medulla
      - norepinephrine linked to depression
    - - movement and posture
      - increased dopamine linked to schizo
    - - mood
      - eating
      - sleeping
      - dreaming
      - depression
    - - Glutamate
        
        excitatory
      - GABA and Glycine
        
        Inhibitory
        
        stabilizes neural activity
    - - painkillers
- - - - turning head
    - - flinging arms
    - - toes spread with brushing
  - - - neural groove
        
        neural crest
        
        migrate through body
        
        neural tube
        
        CNS
- - - - sensory and motor neurons distributed through skin, joints and muscles
    - - sympathetic
        
        activated by stress
        
        fast heart rate
        
        loose neck
        
        sweating
        
        dry mouth
        
        inhibits gut
        
        pupil dilation
        
        produces and releases glucose
        
        inhibits bladder contraction
        
        orgasm
        
        epinephrine and adrenaline
      - parasympathetic
        
        rest and digest
        
        pupil constriction
        
        activates gut
        
        wet mouth
        
        slow heart rate
        
        tight neck
        
        contracts bladder
        
        acetylcholine
      - controls involuntary muscles
  - - - brain to muscles and glands
      - efferent
    - - receptors to spinal cord
      - afferent
    - - brain