Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
AC3.2 - Describe the contribution of agencies to achieving social control …
AC3.2 - Describe the contribution of agencies to achieving social control
CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (CPTED)
Involves what a neighbourhood looks like & how it's designed to lower crime in the area.
Crime can be reduced by: creating open spaces with strong lighting, no blind spots, low level bushes, CCTV & Surveillence
Open spaces and Strong lightening provide clear visibility - DAMIOLA TAYLOR
Based on the idea that crime happens due to the opportunities presented by the physical environment. If you alter the environment crime should decrease.
Gated Lanes- gates installed at the entrance to rear alleyways in order to deter burglars from using alleys to gain entry to a property.
Deters burglars and other anti social criminals. // Reduced crime and reduces dumping litter.
Suggests that criminals operate in hidden areas -> Graffiti isn't hidden
Brown & Altman (1981) found physical changes suggested resident care and watchfulness help promote safer areas.
BEHAVIOURAL TACTICS
Tactics used by agencies to change a person's behaviour to make them more socially compliant
Anti Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOs) were introduced to limit & correct low level anti-social behaviour.
Controversial - made offenders see them as desirabale and an honour.
Criminal Behaviour Orders (CBOs) are now used against anti-social offenders who have committed behaviour that has caused alarm and distress. To stop them from attending activities, areas and requires them to change their behaviour. A breach of this order could lead to 5 years in prison
If you have one of these orders, you would be banned from taking part in certain activities / going to certain places & have to try to change the behaviour through treatment programmes.
Token Economies are used to control behaviour by rewarded positive behaviour & punishing negative behaviour. Prisons use this often through rewards & sanctions for positive / negative behaviour.
Effective on a long time scale (Hobbs & Holt)
However, offenders may not have scheme adapted to day-to-day life
They may find that behaving positively is pointless because they know they have no reward
Rewarding positive behaviours, punish bad behaviours. eg keep cell clean, follow rules, no fighting. Could be rewarded with extra visiting time.
INSTITUTIONAL TACTICS
Institutions have their own methods of controlling undesired behaviour through rules and punishments if these rules are broken
In prisons, you wouldn't be following the rules if you: caused damage to the prisons, ignored the instructions of prison staff or threatened / attacked someone else.
In these situations, punishment are given such as cautions, privileges being taken away, extended prison time and being confined in your prison cell.