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03 THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRACY AND THE RISE OF TOTALITARIANISM, image, image,…
03 THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRACY AND THE RISE OF TOTALITARIANISM
crisis of the capitalist system
manifested in Europe both by
post-war difficulties (1919–1923)
in the recession that started in 1929
Soviet Union was not so affected by the Great Depression
different economic system
Soviet prestige and the unemployment and misery generated by
the capitalist crisis, trade unions and communist parties became stronger
great political instability in many countries
largely caused by workers’ demands
dictatorships were totalitarian regimes with some common characteristics:
official state ideology
single mass party
that represented the official ideology and mobilisation of the masses in support of that ideology
an
all-embracing state
with power that controlled all facets of citizens’ lives
repression
of any idea or activity that differs from or questions the power of the state, the party and its official ideology
exaltation of the dictator
and personality cult
dictatorship
absence of individual freedoms and information
system of terror and violence
with a powerful political police force to ensure critics are repressed
EUROPE IN 1939
