DESCRIBE BIOLOGICAL THEORIES
LOMBROSO
SHELDON
XYY SYNDROME
TWIN & ADOPTION STUDIES
father of modern criminology
atavism
bloodshot eyes, thick lips, flattened noses
low intelligence in women
studied 383 dead skulls, 3839 lvinig
offender profiling
physiological/genetic
somatypes
ectomorph
endomorph
mesomorph
breeding poultry & dogs
college students identifying delinquents
control group
hypertelorism (increased distance between limbs - eg: eyes)
1 in 1000 males
jacob et al (1956)
Study - John Wayne Gacey
killed & tourtured 38 boys
found higher proportion of XYY in prison populations (15 in 1000)
only looked at inmates of psych hospital
Stockholm (2012)
significant increase in numbers of convictions in XYY group than control of XY group
adoption studies
Jeff Landrigan
nature vs nurture
genetics
concordance
biological family
adoptive parents
environmental factors
twin studies
monozygotic
dizygotic
concordance rates
Christiansen (1977)
studied over 3,500 twin pairs & looked at concordance rates of criminal behaviour
male MZ - 35%
male DZ - 13%
female MZ - 21%
female DZ - 8%
inheritance
Johannes et al (1929)
found 10/13 MZ twins had served time in prison compared to 2/17 DZ twins