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Nervous System: Continuation Pt.3 - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System: Continuation Pt.3
The Human Brain
three main parts
The forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain
The midbrain and subdivisions of the hindbrain, together with the thalamus and hypothalamus
Function mainly in conducting information to and from higher brain centers
Regulate homeostatic functions, keep track of body position, and sort sensory information
The forebrain's cerebrum: the largest and most complex part of the brain
Most of the cerebrum’s integrative power: Resides in the cerebral cortex of the two cerebral hemispheres
The cerebral cortex is a mosaic of specialized, interactive regions
Specialized integrative regions of the cerebral cortex include
The somatosensory cortex and centers for vision, hearing, taste, and smell
The motor cortex directs responses
association areas concerned with higher mental activities such as reasoning and language, make up most of the cerebrum
The right and left cerebral hemispheres tend to specialize in different mental tasks
Injuries and brain operations provide insight into brain function
brain injuries and surgeries
Several parts of the brain regulate sleep and arousal
sleep and arousal involve: Activity by the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, pons, and neurons of the reticular formation
The reticular formation: Receives data from sensory receptors and sends useful data to the cerebral cortex
An EEG measures brain waves during sleep and arousal
The limbic system is involved in emotions, memory, and learning
the limbic system
Is a functional group of integrating centers in the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus
Is involved in emotions, memory, and learning
Changes in brain physiology can produce neurological disorders
schizophrenia
severe mental disturbance characterized by psychotic episodes in which patients lose the ability to distinguish reality
depression
Two broad forms of depressive illness have been identified: Major depression and bipolar disorder
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
are prescribed to treat depression
Alzheimer's disease (AD)
Is characterized by confusion, memory loss, and a variety of other symptoms
Parkinson's disease
motor disorder: characterized by difficulty in initiating movements, slowness of movement, and rigidity