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Nervous System: Continuation Pt.2 - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System: Continuation Pt.2
Animal NS: Nervous system organization usually correlates with body symmetry
radially symmetrical animals: Have a nervous system arranged in a web-like system of neurons called a nerve net
most bilaterally symmetrical animals exhibit
Cephalization, the concentration of the nervous system in the head region
Centralization, the presence of a central nervous system
Vertebrate nervous systems are highly centralized and cephalized
The brain and spinal cord: contain fluid-filled spaces
cranial and spinal nerves: Make up the peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system of vertebrates is a functional hierarchy
The PNS can be divided into two functional components
The somatic nervous system: Carries signals to and from skeletal muscles, mainly in response to external stimuli
the autonomic nervous system: Regulates the internal environment by controlling smooth and cardiac muscles and the organs of various body systems
Opposing actions of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons regulate the internal environment
The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system: Primes the body for activities that gain and conserve energy for the body
The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system: Prepares the body for intense, energy-consuming activities
The autonomic nervous system
The vertebrate brain develops from three anterior bulges of the neural tube
The vertebrate brain: Develops from the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain
The size and complexity of the cerebrum in birds and mammals: Correlates with their sophisticated behavior