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SPAIN: THE REIGN OF ALFOSNO XIII AND THE CRISIS OF THE RESTORATION, NICO…
SPAIN: THE REIGN OF ALFOSNO XIII AND THE CRISIS OF THE RESTORATION
The regenerationist restoration and the crisis of 1917
The crisis of 1917
Social crisis. The workers’ trade unions, the socialist UGT, and anarchist CNT called a general strike.
The army suppressed the strike and hundreds of people were killed.
Social tensions were very high.
Military crisis. Soldiers joined organisations called Juntas de Defensa Militar and demanded higher wages.
The government, led by Eduardo Dato, was very weak. It gave in to pressure and soldiers became more prominent in political life.
Political crisis. The political crisis had worsened because the government had suspended the Cortes and constitutional rights.
Asamblea de Parlamentarios
The workers intensified their struggle in the Bolshevik Trieniumm(1917-1920)
General Martinez anido encourage
pistolerismo
by applying the
ley de fugas
Morocco had also become a colonial problem
Spain was defeated at the Battle of Annual(1921)
Institutional regenerationism
Antonio Maura's conservative governments (1903-1904 and 1907-1909
José Canalejas’s liberal government (1910–1912)
In 1902 Alfonso XIII came of age at 16
This marked the start of the scond phase of the Restoration
In 1912
The Spanish protectorate of Morocco was established
Barcelona tragic week
A protest against troops being sent to Morocco, led to a general strike followed by a popular uprising
The army suppressed the rebellion, leaving hundreds dead and injured.
Some of the people accused of starting the riots were sentenced to death and executed.
during which convents were attacked and burned.
Politics
Anarchism gained popularity
National Confederation of Labour was founded
In 1921 PSOE split
Leading to the Creation of the Communist Party of Spain
The Primo de Rivera dictatorship
In 1923, a dictatorship was established under General Primo de Rivera
Authoritarian response
Primo de Rivera took power by launching a military coup d'etat
The King appointed him as Prime Minister
When he was in power
Dissolved Parliament
Banned political parties and trade unions
Suspended the Constitution
Two types of government
The military directorate(1923-1925
The civil directorate(1925-1930)
Republican opposition began to form in 1928
Primo de Rivera began to lose power
He was forced to resign in January 1930
The Republican socialist and nationalist opposition unified its demands in the Pact of San Sebastian(1930)
Municipal election were calles in April 1931 after a failed military uprising
Abdication of Alfonso XIII and procalamation of the Second Republic
Society and the economy
Slow industrial and agricutural modernisation
The economy during Primo de Rivera's dictatorship
Italian fascist model
State intervention
Economic nationalism
.
Railway network ws updated
Reservoirs and irrigation systems started to be built
Road-building projects
Large public deficit
There were hige social inequalities and an illiteracy rate of 65%
NICO URRUTIA
