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01 FROM A HARSH POST-WAR PERIOD TO THE ROARING TWENTIES, image, image,…
01 FROM A HARSH POST-WAR PERIOD TO THE ROARING TWENTIES
1 THE IDEOLOGIES OF THE POST-WAR PERIOD
Several ideologies were reinforced after the Great War. Nationalism gained support in Wilson’s Fourteen Points
They recognised the right to self-determination of peoples from defeated empires
The Second International was dissolved as the socialist parties did not share the same opinion about the Great War
The socialist movement split and the ideology of communism appeared
The October Revolution and the birth of the Soviet Union inspired the revolutionary workers
This was seen in the short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic and in the Spartacist Revolt in Berlin
THE SPARTACUS LEAGUE
The Spartacus League, with its Marxist ideology, was founded in Germany during the final years of World War I
It's main leader were Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht
In 1918, it became the Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
The Spartacist Revolt of 1919 represented a dramatic break with the Socialist Party
Democracy spread to many of Europe’s newly independent countries and suffrage was extended to women
In Germany, the Weimar Republic was proclaimed after the repression of the Spartacists and with the support of the Socialist Party
2 A DIFFICULT RECOVERY AFTER THE GREAT WAR
The first years in post-war Europe were marked by a major economic crisis
This led to low production rates, currency devaluation, unemployment and social problems
To guarantee the payment
France occupied the Ruhr Valley, Germany’s main mining and industrial region
Inflation, or a general increase in the prices of goods and services, rose to 1 billion percent in 1923
This led to the economic and moral ruin of the country
Hyperinflation
3 THE ROARING TWENTIES
The League of Nations was established in 1919 to promote peaceful, open and balanced diplomacy
The United States never joined the League of Nations, and Germany and the Soviet Union were admitted later
The United States never joined the League of Nations, and Germany and the Soviet Union were admitted later
Seven European countries signed the Pact of Locarno
To recognise the borders drawn after World War I and promised to respect them
The Pact of Locarno was applied under the umbrella of the League of Nations
The feeling of security was accompanied by the recovery of the economy
Germany created a new currency and applied deflationary policies
This reduced hyperinflation
The prosperity of the United States was due to
The development of industry
The repayment of credit given to Europe during the conflic
Increased exports
The credit granted to Europe to rebuild the continent,
The credit granted to Europe to rebuild the continent
