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The Tudor Period - Coggle Diagram
The Tudor Period
The Plantagenet Period ended with the Battle of Bosworth Fields and with King Henry VII Tudor the Tudor Period started.
In order to become king, he defeated the Yorks, led by Richard III in 1485.
In order to be in good terms (= buoni rapporti) with the York family, he married Elizabeth of York.
In the Treaty of Medina del Campo (1), Henry VII established that his son would marry Catherine of Aragon (Spain).
Treaty of Perpetual Peace with Scotland (2): in order to form an alliance with Scotland, Henry established that his daughter would marry King James of Scotland.
Henry created the Star Chamber (a group of people), in order to contrast the power of the noblemen, who often weren't punished for their crimes.
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1509 Henry died.
After his death, Henry VIII became king and he married Catherine of Aragon.
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He defended the Pope Leon X against Martin Luther and so the Pope gave him the title of Defensor Fidei (= difensore della fede).
Henry VIII and Catherine couldn't have a male heir (son), they only had a girl: Mary.
So Henry asked the Pope to annull his marriage with Catherine, so that he could marry another woman, but the Pope refused.
He refused because he didn't want to upset Charles V, who was Catherine's nephew (= nipote), King of Spain and of the Holy Roman Empire (the most important catholic figure in Europe).
However Henry left Catherine and married Anne Boleyn with the help of the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1533.
Henry and Anne only had one daughter: Elizabeth, so Henry left Anne and she was executed.
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1534 Act of Supremacy: England had his own Church, from now on (the English Church) and the Archibishop of Canterbury was the most important religious figure in Egland.