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Factors behind the abolition of slavery - Coggle Diagram
Factors behind the abolition of slavery
Economic Factors
Buisnessmen started to invest in factories that paid wages
Many businessmen hoped to make money from Africa by selling finished goods to Africans and buying palm oil and other African resources to use in their factories, which would stabilize Africa
Slave trade and plantations used weren't profitable anymore
Many saw ending the slave trade as an economic benefit
The profits of slave trading voyages were declining and the slave trade in Africa became unstable
The industrial revolution had a huge impact on a new economic system
Ships were used in more profitable ways instead of slave trade
Enlightenment thinking also had an impact on the economy, with their points on equality
Significance of SEAST
Founded in May 1787
Founders were 9 Quakers and 3 Anglicans --> presence of 3 anglicans enforced more support from UK Parliament.
Effective in gaining support from British Public. Can be seen as the first example of pressure group politics.
Thomas Clarkson raised public awareness for the horrors of slave trade
SEAST Harnessed a variety of opinion-building thecniques
SEAST was ultimately supported in the house of commons by William Wilberforce who first introduced the bill to end slave trade in 1791 when it was defeated. Wilberforce continued to keep the issue of slavery in house of commons and introduced a motion in favour of abolition every year.
SEAST achieved the abolition of international slave trade when the British parliament passed the slave trade act in 1807
July 1833 the slavery abolition bill passed.
Advertising, public meetings,letter writing, circulation of books and phamplets and by visual identity ( eg Josiah Wedgwoods image)
Clarkson was an author for an essay of slavery and the commerce of human species (1786)
Actions of women
Mary Prince
Escaped the slave trade and wrote a book about her experiences as a women in the slave trade.
The book was significant because she wrote it as something that was not only about her experience but alsp many other women's experience.
The book was written in 1831.
She became a key part of the campaign because she was able to write a book and spread her and many other's story. She was also around of the abolition which was in 1833.
Quaker Elizabeth Heyrick
Wrote pamphlets and one of which was anonymous and it was calling for an immediate end to slavery in 1824.
This was unsual because most of the time people used gradual approaches.
It was assumed that a man had written it because of its forceful approach.
“The West Indian planter and the people of this country stand in the same moral relation to each other as the thief and receiver of stolen goods.” - A sentence from the pamphley Heyrick wrote.
The influence of religious groups, in particular the Quakers
Quakers found slavery inhumane because of their religious beliefs
Viewed abolition as a Christian duty
They believe everyone is equal
First started opposing slavery in late 1600s more actively in 1700s
Still slavery was abolished in the 1800s
They were the first religious movement to condemn slavery
Tried to better the slaves conditions in many ways
Petitions
Visiting slaveholders
Brought the issue up in meetings
Quakers were prohibited from owning slaves
Set up active committees to campaign against slavery
Protests
9 of the original SEAST members were Quakers
Napoleon
Napoleon brought back slavery in 1802
He tried to make the conditions for slaves better
England tried to be batter than Napoleon
This encorages more internal thinkking within England about equality
Talks about how england can develope as a future society begin
England wants to have more better social credit internally and externally
Tried to undermine British economy
England tried to undermine Napoleons slave trade to slow their economic growth
They did this by trying to get the favour and to try to act like the good guys to gain a social and military advantage
Britain started to block ports and used blockades to stop transporting of slaves and slave produced goods
Napoleon's actions indirectly influenced the British Anti-Slavery Act of 1807 by triggering British responses and economic warfare, it is important to note that the act itself was primarily driven by British abolitionists and their longstanding efforts to end the transatlantic slave trade.
All during Napoleonic war
actions of ex-slaves
they mobilized opinion against slavery
Oaudah Euqiano was a former slave who wrote an autobiography that revealed the horrors of the slave trade
He also traveled across Britain speaking against slavery and referred to the Bible showing how slavery conflicted with Christian beliefs
Ottobah Cugoano was also an ex-slave who wrote an autobiography in which he called for the abolition of slavery
In France and its empire Black abolitionists were influential and both men and women called for the abolition of slavery
former slave Jeanne Odo presented herself to the National Convention in Paris and called for the abolition of slavery at the age of 114
St. Domingue revolt
The most successful and largest slave revolt
Information about the revolt caused things like
realisation that slaves are not weak and keeping them had a risk of having a revolt and being overthrown
fear in slave owners
it proved that black people can achieve and maintain freedom from white people
The colony itself got its freedom from white people completely
It made Napoleons plan on making French empire fail
it caused Louisiana purchase and then...