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APPROACHES- comparing the approaches - Coggle Diagram
APPROACHES- comparing the approaches
comparing behaviourism with SLT
DIFFERENCE- behaviourists ignore internal mental processes because unscientific. SLT think theyre important in generating human behaviour
DIFFERENCE- treatments. behaviourists use things like flooding for phobias learnt via conditioning, part of CBT development. SLT use reward mechanisms like token economies to adapt behaviour.
SIMILARITY- both deterministic. behaviourism says environmentally determined, SLT is soft determinism, internam mental processes of mediational processes determine behaviour but there is still room for choice
DIFFERENCE- behaviourism is more scientific because they focus on the experimental method and only state what can be objectively measured. SLT suggests IMPs should be considered
SIMILARITY- reductionism. behaviourism is environmentally reductionist- ignores mental processes, slt less reductionist but still ignores biologcal factors etc
DIFFERENCE- behaviourism says development is based on environmentally conditioned behaviours learnt via association, reinforcement and punishment. SLT can be learnt vicariously during development
SIMILARITY- behaviourism completely nurture- all born blank slates. slt completely nurture shaped by observation of other peoples experiences
SIMILARITY- nomothetic. use of large scale animal experiments that provide general laws for human behaviour. SLT is nomothetic and uses experimental method in determining general laws (bandura)
comparing behaviourism with cognitive
DIFFERENCE- behaviourists ignore the role of conscious thought because its unscientific but cognitive believe thoughts follow predictable systems that can be displayed as models (i.e WMM)
SIMILARITY- Behaviourists use flooding for phobias learnt via conditioning, this was part of the development of CBT. cognitive disorders are the result of maladaptive thought processess and cbt is used to correct this
SIMILARITY- behaviourists believe behaviour is environmentally determined, cognitive approach is soft determinism- thoughts are affected by previous experience (schemas) but conscious thought can override this
DIFFERENCE- behaviourism is very scientific because they ignore what isnt directly observable, cognitive approach uses inferences to uncove the structure of internal mental processes
SIMILARIY- behaviourism is environmentally reductionist and cognitive approach is machine reductionist- mind viewed as a series of processes similar to software
DIFFERENCE- behaviourism believe we are environmentally conditioned via association, reinforcement and punishment. cognitive believes we develop by acquiring schemas about how to interpret the world
DIFFERENCE- behaviourism is soley nurture but cognitive is interactionalist bevause brain structure and learnt experiences influence internal mental systems
SIMILARITY- both nomothetic. behaviourism use animal experiments and then provide laws for general human behaviour. cognitive is mainly nomothetic with the use of general mental models, but they do use case studies which are more idiographic
comparing behaviourism and psychodynamic
DIFFERENCE- psychodynamic believe the rols of the unconscious is huge and uncoonscious mental processes are dominated by the id, superego, ego and defence mechanisms
DIFFERENCE- psychodynam,ic approach uses psychotherapy (mainly introspection)to treat but behaviourism uses treatments like flooding
SIMILARITY- behaviourism- environmentally deterministtic, psyically deterministic- behaviour caused by unconscous mental processes
DIFFERENCE- psychodynamic is unscientific because it uses case studies (then inappropriately used to generalise laws) and introspection and concepts are untestable
SIMILARITY- psychodynamic is reductionist because it says behaviour is due to drives but it includes aspects of thought process and learning so not as reductionist
DIFFERENCE- psychodynamic is interactionalist because it believes innate drives and the role of childhood experiences shape behaviour
DIFFERENCE- psychodynamic approach is idiographic because of case study use however is does attempt to generalise the findings which is nomothetic
comparing behaviourism with humanistic approach
DIFFERENCE- humanists believe conscious mind is in control and we have free will which is unscientific compared to behaviourist approach
DIFFERENCE- humanistic focus isnt neccessarily on treating things specifically but more focused on the healthy human and having unconditional positive regard
DIFFERENCE- humanists believe completely in free will
DIFFERENCE- humanists reject science because they see humans as unsuitable for scientific study due to our complexity
DIFFERENCE- humanism is fully hollistic- the only way to understand human behaviour is to consider all aspects and levels of humanity
DIFFERENCE- umanists say that for healthy development children need unconditional poritive regard as well as satisfying the hierarchy of needs
DIFFERENCE- humanism velieves nurture is the most imprtant but beause theyre a hollistic approach they believe that there are also socmplec interactions with biological aspects
DIFFERENCE- humanism is completely idiographic and make no attemot to make general laws, they instead study subjective human experience
comparing behaviourism with biological approach
DIFFERENCE- biologists dont ignore thoughts and are believed to be due to complex interaction of neurones that can be understood using cognitive neuroscience
DIFFERENCE- biological treat with drug intervention because they believe psychopathologies are caused by the inbalance of neurotransmitters, or gener or our brain structure
SIMILARITY- both deterministic. behaviourism believes behaviour is environmentally determined but biologists believe behaviour is biologically determined due to the interaction of neurotransmitters, genes and brain structure
SIMILAR- both heavily scientific. behaviourism use exxperiemntal methods, biologcal use scientific measuring equipment like FMRI, blood tests, controlled settings
SIMILARITY- biological is also reductionist, ignores any learnt behaviours
DIFFERENCE- completely different nature/nurture
SIMILARITY- both nomothetic- bio use large biological studies to make general laws, behaviourism provide general laws based off of animal studies