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CRISPR - Coggle Diagram
CRISPR
History
First discovered in the sequence of DNA from E. Coli bacteria and described in 1987 by Ishino etall from Osaka uni (Japan).
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Identification of homologous crispr fragments in 20 microbial species.
Identification of genes adjacent to be crispr locus in prokaryotes.
Discovery of broader existance of crispr and foreign viral DNA in crisper spacer.
Functions of crispr was evidenced in labs.
1st application of crispr in clinical treatment.
Crispr was engineered as Gene editing tools.
Crisper based HIV infection treatment was reported.
Emmanvelle charpentier and Jennifer Dudna was awarded the nobel prize.
Clinical treatment of SCD and B thalassemia were reported.
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APPLICATION'S
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4:THERAPEUTICS
::Gene therapy
::Antiviral defense
::Drug discovery
::Genetic blood and lung disease
::Blindness
::cancer
::viral infection
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Components
1:CAS 9 ENZYME
Cas9 enzyme act as molecular scissors to cut DNA at a location specified by guide RNA. CAS 9 composed of alpha helical recognition lobe and nuclease lobe including PAM.
2Guide RNA
GRNA is piece of RNA that function as a guide for RNA or DNA targeting enzyme with which it form complexes.