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Katherine Yao - Chapter 7: World War II - Coggle Diagram
Katherine Yao - Chapter 7: World War II
Origins
Revisionist powers
Japan’s War in China
Japan’s attacks on China in the 1930s
Manchuria between 1931 and 1932
A battle between Chinese and Japanese troops at the Marco Polo Bridge in Beijing in July 1937
The Rape of Nanjing
Japanese soldiers raped seven thousand women
Murdered hundreds of thousands of unarmed soldiers and civilians
Chinese Resistance
Chinese resistance persisted throughout the war
Nationalists and communists
Tripartite Pact
Italian and German Aggression
Italy
Italy’s expansionism helped destabilize the post–Great War peace
Benito Mussolini
Bring glory to Italy
Spanish Civil War
Italy’s conquest of Ethiopia
Germany
Germany that systematically undid the Treaty of Versailles
Adolf Hitler
Germany’s postwar position of powerlessness
Peace
Munich Conference
Neville Chamberlain
Treaty of Nonaggression
Total war
This war is a new kind of war
Blitzkrieg: Germany Conquers Europe
German Unterseeboote
German U-boats attempting to cut off Britain’s vital imports
The Fall of France
Germany prepared to break through European defenses
Tour de France
The Battle of Britain
Luftwaffe
The German Invasion of
the Soviet Union
Operation Barbarossa
Adolf Hitler ordered his armed forces to invade the Soviet Union
Took Stalin by surprise
Battles in Asia and the Pacific
Pearl Harbor
The Japanese hoped to destroy American naval capacity in the Pacific
Franklin Roosevelt
Japanese Victories
Won against Philippines, Guam, Wake Island, Midway Island, Hong Kong, Thailand, and British Malaya
Defeat of the Axis Powers
Allied Victory in Europe
German counteroffensives failed repeatedly
Germany’s unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945
Turning the Tide in the Pacific
Thirty-six carrier-launched dive-bombers at- tacked the Japanese fleet
Iwo Jima
and Okinawa
Japanese flew nineteen hundred kamikaze missions
Japanese Surrender
Life during Wartime
Occupation, Collaboration, and Resistance
Exploitation
Japanese and German authorities administered their respective empires
Economic exploitation involved the use of slave labor
Greater Germanic Empire
Axis bombardments and invasion were followed by occupation
Collaboration
The majority of people resented occupation forces
Guomindang generals
Resistance
Occupation and exploitation created an environment for resistance
Soviet partisans harassed and disrupted the military and economic activities
Atrocities
Occupation forces did not hesitate to retaliate
Czech resistance assassinated Reinhard Heydrich
Japanese town of Hanaoka
The Holocaust
Hitler’s racially motivated genocidal policies
Jews availed themselves of the opportunity to escape from Germany and Austria
Nazi authorities had previously appropriated their wealth
The Final Solution
The action squads undertook mass shootings in ditches
1941 the Nazi leadership committed to the “final solution”
Post War
Soviet Union and the United States
Postwar Settlements and Cold War
At the end of the war in Europe, eight million Germans fled across the Elbe River
They wanted to avoid capture and presumed torture by the Red Army and Soviet occupiers
The Origins
of the Cold War
The cold war came to define the postwar era as one of political, ideological, and economic hostility between the two superpowers
Hitler had hoped for victory
Yalta and Potsdam
Premier Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union, Prime Minister Winston Churchill of Great Britain, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States.
Postwar Territorial Divisions
The Soviets took over the eastern sections of Germany, and the United States, Britain, and France occupied the western portions
United States alone occupied Japan, Korea remained occupied half by the Soviets and half by the Americans
NATO