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Magnets - Coggle Diagram
Magnets
Magnetic material
A magnet is able to
Repel
Attract
That is called magnetism
A magnetic material
A material which can be attracted by a magnet
Only a few metals are magnetic materials
Nickel
Cobalt
Iron
Steel
Non-magnetic materials
Materials which cannot be attracted by a magnet
Metals
Aluminum
Zinc
Copper
Non-metals
Glass
Wood
Plastic
Clay
rubber
Types of magnets
A magnetic material can be made into
a permanent magnet
can retain its magnetism for a long time
made of steel
temporary magnet
can only retain its magnetism for a short time
made of iron
A magnet can pass through a non magnetic material to attract a magnetic material
When an iron or steel sheet is placed between a magnet and a magnetic material
The magnet will not be able to attract the magnetic material anymore
The iron or steel sheet can block magnetism of the magnet
different magnets have different strength of magnetism
a stronger magnet can attract an object
Strongly
More objects on it
The distance between a magnet and a magnetic material affects the strength of attraction by a magnet
Magnetic material experiences a stronger attraction
By a magnet when it is moved closer to a magnet
Magnetic material experiences a weaker attraction
By a magnet when it is moved further away from a magnet
The size of a magnet does not affect their magnetism
example
The size of the same magnet increases
The strength of the magnetism remains the same
Testing for magnets, magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials
Magnet
Has a fixed S-pole and N-pole at its end
A object is a magnet if it can repel another magnet due to like poles
non-magnetic material
Has no poles
an object is a non-magnetic material if it cannot repel or attract to a magnet in any ways
magnetic material
has no fixed S-pole and N-pole
An object is only a magnetic material if it does not repel
But always be attracted to the magnet in any ways
All magnets have two ends called poles
it is where the magnetism of a magnet is the strongest
when a magnet is suspended freely in water
it would always comes to rest in north-south direction
This is shown by using a compass which can be used to identify the poles of a magent
how the two opposite poles interact with each other
like poles
repel
unlike poles
attract
Making magnets from magnetic materials
There are three ways to magnetize a magnetic material to become a magnet
Stroking method
Using a single permanent magnet to stroke
Using two permanent magnet to stroke
Stroke with the same stroking pole at all the time
stroke in one direction from one end to the other
If the permanent magnet strokes the magnetic material back and forth
The magnetic material will not be magnetized
If the stroking pole of permanent magnet keeps changingwhen stroking a magnet
The magnetic material will not be magnetized
When using two permanent magnets to stroke
The stroking pole used in each magnet must be opposite
They stroke magnetic material in opposite directions
The strength of the magnet is affected by the number of times the permanent magnet stroke on it
using electricity
An iron nail is coiled around the electrical wire
The electrical wire is connected to an electric supply such as a battery
The iron nail will become a magnet when elecyriicity is turned on
The magnet made in this method is called an electromagnet
to increase the strength of an electromagnet
Increase the number of turns of wire around the iron nail
Increase the amount of electricy
example
using more batteries
When a magnet is brought near an iron nail
The iron nail will be attracted to the magnet and become magnetized
The iron nail will now be able to attract another iron nail
When the magnet is removed
The iron nails will lose their magnetism
demagnetize a magnet
Heating can cause a magnet to lose its magnetism
Hammering or dropping a magnet can result a magnet to lose its magnetism too
Characteristics of magnets
They can have different shapes and sizes
U-shaped magnet
Horseshoe magnet
Bar magnet
Ring magnet
application of magnets
permanent magnets and temporary magnets are widely used in our daily lives
Permanent magnets
In refrigerators to keep the door shut
As a magnetic door catch to make the door stay open
In loud speakers or televisions
In compass to guide the directions
Temporary magnets
In fire alarms or electric bells
In scrap yards or landfill sites to separate useful metals from non-metals