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Unit 3: Religious Experience - Coggle Diagram
Unit 3: Religious Experience
A: The Nature of Religious Experience
1. Visions
Sensory (corporeal)
seeing something as externally present
Moses and the burning bush
Miracle of the sun at Fatima
Intellectual visions
seen with the mind, not the eye
Bring knowledge, certainty, understanding
"Jesus Christ stands by her side although she seems Him neither with the eyes of the body nor the soul. Teresa of Avila
Dreams
Individual, coherent, revelation
Jacob's ladder
2. Conversions
Communal Conversion
Acts 2 - Pentecost
Billy Graham
Individual Conversion
No faith to faith -
C.S. Lewis conversion "I am telling the story of two lives. They have nothing to do with each other; oil and vinegar."
From one faith to another
"The natural conclusion of any intelligent theologians journey. All scripture study leads to Islam"
Sinead O'Connor
Strengthening faith - John and Charles Wesley founders of the methodist movement described an experience of strengthened faith.
Experiences can be sudden/ gradual
William James
stages of conversion
divided self
Desire for relief
self surrender
permenant / temporary
Intellectual, moral or social
3. Mystical
Defining
non-rational
Removal of self-ego
spontaneous/ non-rational
Induced through ritual (theurgic)
Whirling Dervishes
Ascetics
Ed Miller
Transcendent
Noetic
Ecstatic
Ineffable
Unitive
4. Prayer
Communication with the Divine (a RE)
Petition
Repentance
Thanksgiving
Worship
Teresa of Avila
Contemplative/ meditative prayer
deep reflective prayer to focus the mind
Types and stages of prayer inspirired by intellectual vision
Garden Analogy
Windlass
River
Bucket
Rain - union of the soul with the Divine
The Seven Mansions
outside edge, cold, full of distractions, difficult
2.
3.
Restful, early stage of mysticism
5.
6.
Mystical marriage, complete union with God.
B: Mystical Experience
William James
Gifford Lectures on the
Varieties of Religious Experience (1902)
American philosopher and psychologist
open-minded. If positive = likely true
PINT
I
neffable
N
oetic
P
assive
T
ransient
Conclusions:
Pluralism - studied different faiths (same ultimate reality, different religion)
Pragmatism - truth is based on what is valuable
Empiricism - lots of case studies - clues
Rudolph Otto
1896-1937
Mysticism East and West: A Comparative Analysis of the Nature of Mysticism (1932)
The Idea of the Holy (1923)
Numinous
numinous
= supernatural/ divine power
non-intellectual/ non-rational (not against reason, but doesn't require it)
Nature of NE
dread/ terror
A sense of the persons insignificance in presence of God (
creature consciousness)
'Wholly other'
Fascination and attraction
Rapture or ecstasy
Myserium Tremendum et Fascinans
Awe, fear, dread
Pull/ attraction
Mystery
Holy (Heilig) is ambiguous term. Schemeatized
C.S. Lewis
Mysticism: a religious experience where union with God or the absolute reality is sought or experienced.
C. Challenges to the objectivity and authenticty
Caroline Franks Davis
Description related
Subject related
Object related
The Evidential Force of Religious Experience
Counter Challenges
individual experiences valid even if non-verifiable
one-off experiences can still be valid even if never repeated
claims could be genuine - integrity
of individual
Objectivity
The VP
The FP
Karl Popper
Anthony Flew
Wayne Proudfoot
Steven Katz
J.L Mackie
Authenticity
Feuerbach
Freud
Persinger
Jung
D. Influence of RE on practice & faith
Ninian Smart
Community
Affirm belief system
Promotes faith value system
Stregnths Cohesion
Individual
Faith restoring
Strengthen faith in opposition
Renews commitment to ideas and doctrines
F. Comparative study: Hume & Swinburne
E. Definition of Miracles
David Hume
Transgression of a law of nature
R.F. Holland
Contingency Miracles
Thomas Aquinas
Summa Contra Gentiles
3 categories
Richard Swinburne
non-repeatable counter instance to law of nature
Acceptance of miracles
Evidence in scripture
Affirms faith tradition
Personal experience