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Mussolini Domestic Policy - Coggle Diagram
Mussolini Domestic Policy
Economic policies
Mussolini's economic policies were based on Autarky (self-sufficiency)
Battle of the Grain, 1925, sought to increase ag. output, long term failure
Battle for Land, 1928, sought to reclaim land, long term success
Battle for Lira, 1926 sought to increase the Italian currency's value, long term failure due to decline in exports
Battle for Births, 1926, sought to increase the population of Italy by encouraging marriage and having children, long term failure
Corporate Sate: abolished trade unions and banned strikes/lockouts, impartial arbitrators would serve to be a 'middle-man' to resolve conflicts although they were usually bias towards the factory owners
Politics
Acerbo Law: any party that gains the most votes in an election gains 2/3 of parliament seats
Grand Council of Fascists appoints their members key government positions
1924 general election Mussolini's party gains the majority of the vote and now control parliament, done through intimidation and electoral fraud
1925, press is censored and controlled by the state, Mussolini is known as Il Duce and a cult of personality develops around him
1924, Giacomo Matteotti (leader of Socialist opposition) murdered by assassins, key opposition figure eliminated
1000s of political enemies arrested and sent to political prison camps
1925, all other political parties outlawed in Italy, only Fascists are the legitimate party allowed
1926, Mussolini is granted the power to rule by decree (pass any laws)
1927, OVRA a secret police force is set up to deal with 'enemies of the state'
Education
educational reforms introduced in 1923 sought to conform children's learnig with Fascist beliefs
Fascist Youth Organisation: introduced by Mussolini to indoctrinate Italy's youth, they promoted tradional gender roles such as: boys were meant to be active and violent while girls were encouraged to be caring a loyal
these organisations sought to produce 'good Fascists' and to further the one party state
Church-State relations
Mussolini understood the importance of maintaining a good relationship with the church to retain his power
Italian state and the Vatican were in conflict over the 'papal states'
Mussolini baptized his adult children and showed himself as a good Catholic
Lateran Treaty and Concordat: treaty signed in 1929 between Mussolini and the Catholic Church, terms of the treaty were: the Pope was recognised as head of the Vatican State, an autonomous and sovereign region, the Vatican would receive 10M Lira in compensation, Catholicism was recognised as the state religion of Italy, the Church was given greater control of educational institutes