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Waves, Sound & Light - Coggle Diagram
Waves, Sound & Light
Chap 1 Waves
A wave is a disturbance.
Wave: disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another.
Forces and Waves
Materials and Waves
medium: any substance that a wave moves through
mechanical waves: waves that transfer energy through matter
Energy and Waves
Waves can be classified by how they move
Transverse Waves
transverse waves: waves which the disturbance moves at right angles, or perpendicular, to the direction in which the wave travels
Longitudinal Waves
Longitudinal Waves: the wave travels in the same direction as the disturbance
1.2 Waves have measurable properties.
Waves have amplitude, wavelength and frequency.
Measuring wave properties
crest: highest point or peak of a wave
trough: lowest point or valley of a wave
amplitude: the distance between a line through the middle of a wave and a crest or trough
wavelength: distance from one wave crest to the next crest
frequency: number of waves passing a fixed point in a certain amount of time
How frequency and wavelength are related
Graphing Wave Properties
Wave Speed can be measured
Speed = wavelength x frequency S = fλ
1.3 Waves behave in predictable ways.
Waves interact with materials
Reflection: bouncing back of a wave after it strickes a barrier
Refraction: bending of a wave as it enters a new medium at an angle other than 90 degrees
Waves canceling each other out
Chap 2 Sound
2.1 Sound is a wave.
Sound is a type of mechanical wave
sound: wave that is produced by a vibrating object and travels through matter
vibration: rapid, back and forth motion
How sound waves are produced
how sound waves are detected
Sound waves vibrate particles.
vacuum: is empty space
The speed of sound depends on its medium
the effect of the material
The effect of temperature
2.2 Frequency determines pitch
Pitch depends on the frequency of a sound wave
pitch: characteristic of highness or lowness
high and low frequencies
hertz (Hz): one complete wave or cycle per second
ultrasound: sound waves in the range 20,000 hertz
Natural frequencies
sound quality
The motion of the source of a sound affects its pitch
The doppler effect: change in perceived pitch that occurs when the source or the receiver of a sound is moving
Frequency and pitch
Intensity depends in the amplitude of a sound wave
intensity: amount of energy its sound wave has
decibel (dB): used to measure sound intensity
The Intensity of Sound can be controlled.
amplification: increasing strength of an electrical signal
acoustics: scientific study of sound
Intense sound can damage hearing
2.3 intensity determines loudness