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ADDICTION OVERVIEW - Coggle Diagram
ADDICTION OVERVIEW
tolerance
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1) Metabolic tolerance: enzymes responsible for metabolising the drug do this more efficiently over time. this results in reduced concentrations in the blood and at sites of drug action
means an individual no longer responds to the drug in the same way, with the results that larger and larger doses are needed in order to feel the same effects as before
2) prolonged drug use leads to changes in receptor density, reducing the response to the normal does of the drug
3) learned tolerance: a user will experience reduced drug effects because they have learned to function normally when under the influence of the drug
withdrawal
eg. increased anxiety, insomnia, loss of appetite, shakiness, irritability, headaches
they different depending on the drug, but all have negative impacts on the individual, leading them to take the drug again to relieve these symptoms
as the effect of the drug wears off, an individual may experience withdrawal symptoms
the appearance of withdrawal symptoms is an indication of the persons physical dependence on that drug
physical dependence
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demonstrated by
withdrawal syndrome = the presence of unpleasant physical symptoms if the person suddenly abstains from the drug
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occur with the long term use of many drugs eg nicotine but also prescription drugs such as anti-anxiety drugs eg benzodiazepines
what is it
a habit pattern, with the compulsion to use a substance or engage in behaviour for immediate gratification, despite its harmful consequences
characterised by an inability to stop using a substance or engaging in behaviour, such that it affects social and occupational functioning
psychological dependence
cravings
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if the cravings are not met, the person experiences heightened anxiety
an intense desire to repeat the experiences associated with a particular drug or activity, which completely consumes their thinking
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occurs when the addictive behaviour becomes a central part of an individual's thoughts, emotions and activities, resulting in a strong urge to engage in the behaviour
two phases of withdrawal
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acute withdrawal
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during this stage, the addict experiences intense and persistent physical cravings as the body has yet to adjust to the loss of the drug it had become used to for so long
evaluation
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:cry:
eg, gender, the drug use behaviour, their age, their body weight
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