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1.3 Networking - Coggle Diagram
1.3 Networking
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Connection Media
Network Hardware needs to be connected in order to do anything. They generally used to involve cabling, but in our current day we are increasingly using wireless connection means.
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Co-Axial
Like ethernet cables, this form of connection also uses copper, and is most commonly used in TVs for cable TV and broadband. The copper is stronger than that of an ethernet cable so there is less distortion, and has a higher bandwidth so it can travel further without a boost.
Fibre Optic
Still fairly uncommon in domestic use, this uses light to transmit data, meaning they are not affected by electromagnetic interference.
Wireless Networking
A WAP must be used to access a wireless network. This will usually be a router. The WAP receives the data through a wired connection, then it is transmitted as radio signals and sent to the device that has requested the data sent.
Risks
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Criminal Activity. An intruder may be able to completely bypass the hardware firewall between the private network and the broadband connection. This access could then be used to plant viruses or to launch denial of service attacks.
Bandwidth Stealing- using someone else's broadband connection to download music and other software. Impacts on the genuine users of the network as their connections are slower.
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It is possible to prevent these risks with wireless security. Different types of wireless security include:
Disabling the broadcast of the Service Set identifier (SSID). This hides the network from other potential users.
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Network Topologies
Star network
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Switch in the center, everything else is connected to it by a separate wire for each thing. It is easier to see where breaks are in the connection.
Mesh Network
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All computers are connected to one another; this means if one connection breaks data can still be transferred to and from the computer to which one line has broke, as there are other wires for the data to transfer through.
MAC addresses
Each device that has its own connection to the network has an NIC (Network Interface Card). Each NIC has its own MAC address (Media Access Control address) that is given to the device by its manufacturer.
A MAC address is a 48 bit address written in Hexadecimal. This makes it easier for humans to identify and communicate the devices addressing than a binary value. Each MAC address can identify the manufacturer and then the individual device.
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DNS and URLs
Each website has its own IP address, but these are quite hard to remember and therefore websites are given a domain name (DNS stands for Domain Name Server) and a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
IP addressing
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Every computer in the world has a a unique IP address that no other computer has. The IP can be changed according to the current situation.The current system is IPv4 and it looks like this: 196.27.98.255
When you type in a URL it sends a request to the DNS, which is then retrieved and the webpage is sent back to the user.
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