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The Abdication of Tsar Nicholas II - Coggle Diagram
The Abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
The impact of WWI
Tsar leads the Army
Poor decision - makes him accountable for failures
Ineffective and inexperienced military leader
Loses support of the Army
Political
Tsar Alexandra
German Princess
Rules in Tsar's absence
Appoints weak leaders, loyal to the Tsar
Rasputin
Influence over the Romanov family
Disliked by many
Obligation to fight
Social and economic conditions worsen
Economy impacted - job losses
Civilain casualties
Food and resource shortages
Inflation
Autocratic Rule
Social and Political organisation in Russia
Rise of Revolutionary Ideas
Romanov Dynasty
1905 Revolution
The February Revolution
Workers and Peasants
Motivated by economic hardship, social inequity, political oppression
Widespread discontent
Soldiers
Poorly equipped, fed and disillusioned with war effort
Mass casualties fighting WWI, exhausted and traumatised
Protest and strikes common
Petrograd site of economic, political, military, and social and cultural significance
Socialists
Mensheviks
Moderate in beliefs and believed in reform from within the system
Bolsheviks
Led by Lenin, and wanted to overthrow the government
Lenin not in the country when revolution broke out
Aristocracy
Often oblivious to mood of the people
Troops refuse Tsar's order to suppress protests
Trigger Causes.
Toll of WWI
Repression and violence of Autocracy
Food shortages, rising prices, severe winter
Rise of the Bolsheviks
July Days
Kornilov Affair
April theses
October Revolution
Inspiration for Global Revolution
Legacy of Lenninism
Establishment of Soviet Russia
Formation of USSR
February Revolution
Lenin in exile, returns April 16
Peace, Land, Bread
Death of the Romanovs
The Provisional Government
Initially led by Lvov, then Kerensky
Faced many challenges
Continue fighting WWI?
Petrograd Soviet
Representative body of workers, soldiers, and later peasants
Frequently challenged the Provisional Government
Becomes dominated by lenin and Bolsheviks
Socio-economic issues
Peasants demand land reform
Workers demand better wages and working conditions
Aims to transition Russia to constitutional monarchy
July Days
Abdication
End of Romanov Dynasty
Provisional government assumes power
Nicholas II abdicates Mach 2 1917
The Russian Civil War 1918-1922
White army - opposes Bolsheviks
Red Army - led by Trotsky
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk March 3 1918. Ends involvement in WWI
The Red Terror
suppress counter revolutionary activities
Bolsheviks believe force necessary
Instil fear
War Communism
Central Economy
Command Economy
Abolition of Money and Private trade