APPROACHES
origin
study of mond and behaviour
early phiolosphoica understanding
wundt 1st psychologist
lead to modern psychology
first lab
made it scientific
reaction time pe=erception
broke sensations inot structions
introspections - asking abou emotion
subjective approach
better understanding as a science - relication, objectivity, sytematic
lead to later approaches
behvaiourist
classica
unconsition stiulus = uncondiotning responce
nutral stiulus = responce
uncontion stimul + nutral stimus = contioned responce
pavlove dog - salvation
dolalrd and miller - attachment to child and mother
opperant
reward and punishment
reward - what u wanr = repleat behaiour
punish = dont repreat
positve = added
neg = taken away eg smack
neg reinforcer = not getting shouted out
skinner rats
neg punishment = phone taken
evaluate
strenght
scientific - observe test measure
apply trianing pets chidren token economy
weaknesses
treatments - phobis systematic destistaion
envrionemntal determaist
ethics of animals - is it replicable and can u genralise
social learning theory
indirect leadning
imitation - copy bhvaiour of model
idenitfiaction - likly to imitate someone similar to u
midel - immitating arole model
vicarious reinforcement - happens to somone else
mediation processes between observing and carrying out an action ARMM
evaluation
stengrenth
bandura bobo doll
children observe model hitting doll
go inot room with doll
copied model if idenified woth model
did hit the doll
apllication to agression
application - crime and cultral variation
idenification - fox and bailison - more extersise when shown a computer chatacter model in video games
wekaness
cause and effect not established - hang about with diveient behaviour may be because they are thieves not from observation
over reliance on lab studies too controled demand characteristics - doll cant hit back
biological ignored - more complex testorone?
cognative approach
internal menta processes - thinking perception
thinking persepton rettrival
inference - cog pyshcologist do this cant see whats going on but can make logiacl assumption eg capasity of stm
chema - package of info
cog neuroscience - pair thinking with nural images so where is active duing an activity pet and frmi
evaluation
strength
application - explain disorder can treach eg beck and ai
use scientific methods and methods and lab studies eg on memory
less determaistic - free thoughts and chose your thoughts
weaknesses
machine reductionism - diffrence of computer model and brain system reduces human thinking too simple
ignore motivation and emotion just looks at basic processing
poor external validity due to high control lab studies
biological approach
genes - inheritance and twin studies
concordance - propotionof condition to biological factors
geno type - gene inherited
phenotype- expersion of genes on evionment
evolution - inheritance and survival of the fittest
nurochemist - different nurons
biological structure
fight of=r flight
evalutation
stength
scientifc - replicable observable
appliation - drugs to treat disorders ssri
weakness
evolution = unfalsifable
determanistic ingnores free will - can we blame people for aggresion
psychodynamic
freud
mind - cnsious pre consious and unconsious
personality - id, ego, super ego
id - pleasure
ego - reality
super ego - morality
defence mechanisms
repression - pusjing unwated thought to unconsious
displacemnt - unwated thought into more acceptable stages
denial mo believing
sexual stage - reliy on shildhood for later issues need to deal with it to get rid of it
little hans support sexual stages
phalic = oedipus complex
phobia of hourses
hourse = father
oidupus complexof displacemnt
elcetra compelx
evaluation
strength
therapy psychoanyaliss
exmaplins development and abnormalities and mental health problme
weaknesses
case studies = cant genralise, subjectivity
unfasifable cant test unconsious
determaistic - all these thing in uncounsious nothing to do about it
humanist
reject other approaches
free will control over out loves
active agentic state
,maslow and rodger
subjective experience and self determination
person centered approach
hirachy of needs
basic needs
saftey
love and belonging
esteme
self acctualisation - all strive towards to be best possibe verion of ourselves
congruence - ideal self and acctual self
incorngruent - low self worth
unconsitional positive regard
shouldnt not show conditons of worth
therapist should show undocntionsl love
positve approach
evaluation
strength
free will
not reductionist
positibe - focus on idividual
wekaness
poor aplication
unfalsible - self actualisation and congruence = intangible
westen vire = cultral bias t bput self at center
comparisons
consious
dvelopment
emotion
mental health disorders
treatment
determaism
science
issue and debates