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Year 3 H&S (5), Sammer Sheikh - Coggle Diagram
Year 3 H&S (5)
Liver disease
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individuals reduce risk
refrain from dangerous activities e.g. unsafe x, sharing needles
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Screening
systematic application of a test or inquiry to identify individuals at sufficient risk of a specific disorder to warrant further investigation or directive preventative action, among persons who have not sought medical attention on account of symptoms of that disorder
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Breast cancer
screening
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screening units are based in hospitals, mobile vehicles, or frequently visited locations e.g. shopping centres
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if high risk
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lifestyle changes - avoid the pill, HRT, too much alcohol, obesity
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medicine - tamoxifen, raloxifene, anastrozole
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Dialysis
prevent renal failure
managing underlying conditions e.g. diabetes, HTN
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impacts
disruption to life - travel time, cost, takes up large periods of day, can lead to isolation or depression, limitation of travel because of treatment
often patients are still heavily symptomatic - dialysis is only 10% of renal function, and it does not replace endocrine function
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peritoneal dialysis
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disadvantages
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the dialysis fluid used can cause a reduction in protein levels, which can lead to a lack of energy and malnutrition
Organ donation
Law
opt out system, so everyone is considered an organ donor when they die if
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not an excluded group - under 18's, people who lack mental capacity to understand new arrangements and take the necessary action, visitors to England, those living here involuntarily, people living in England for less than 12 months before their death
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allocation
regionally / nationally
DBD - donation after brainstem death, allocated nationally via National Allocation Scheme (NHSBT)
DCD - donation after circulatory death, allocated regionally, one kidney is always preferentially offered to the local transplant centre
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more cost effective than other forms of long term treatment e.g. dialysis is expensive and could save £152m/yr with transplants as they are one-off surgeries, and immunosuppressants are cheaper than dialysis
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