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Unit IV: Decolonization Screenshot 2023-05-09 11.19.47 AM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Jacobo Arbenz
        
        reforms/ legal removal of US companies
        
        CIA-led coup toppled Arbenz from power(1954)
        
        Installed a military dictatorship(1954-1996)
        
        Guatemalan Civil War& Genocide(1960-1990)
  - - - Large US investments
    - - Led to the growth of the drug trade/ future drug carteks.
      - Long history of military dictatorships & fraudulent elections
        
        Colonel Hugo Banzer
        
        Gen. Luis Garcia Tejada
  - - - Election of Salvador Allende
        
        Socialist politician
        
        Critical of US compamies in Chile
        
        He was assassed by CIA
        
        military taking control under Gen. Augusto Pinochet
  - - - Political
      - economic
    - - was overthrown by the Sandinistas
        
        Communist-based
        
        Popular support
        
        US/ CIA supported anti-government rabels
        
        the Contras
        
        training in sabotage
        
        Secret funds
        
        Iran/ Contra Scandal
        
        Nicaragua civil war
  - - - Did not follow US ppolicies
      - criticized US Cold War policy
      - A CIA-sponsored coup that removed Goulart from power
        
        Military dictatorship
- - - - former military officer
      - Supported by U.S
      - Changed Kenya to Zaire
      - orrupt nature
      - Issues with human rights & political freedoms
  - - - brutality & flamboyant behavior
      - ethnic/ political repression
      - pan-Africanism
      - fleed in 1979 because War in Tazania
  - - - nationalist leadership and first president
      - Mau Mau Rebellions weakened British
  - - - nonviolence
      - boycotts and strikes
      - president 1954- 1966
- - - - Israel (Jewish)
        
        Believed that this land was given to them by God
        
        -Want a homeland for protection
        
        -Consider the Palestinians "terrorists"
      - Palestinians (Muslims that use to live in Israel)
        
        believed that this land was given to them by God
        
        Their land for forcible take and sold without their consent
        
        Consider the Israelis "invaders"
      - Zionism
        
        The spiritual and political renewal of the Jewish people in its ancestral homeland of Palestine.
        
        build international support for a Jewish state
        
        Basel, Switzerland
        
        courted the support of the British
        
        England is hoping for colonies in the Middle East
        
        Next Year in Jerusalem!
      - Captain Lawrence
        
        British military
        
        become a local / international hero in Palestine
        
        Promise Arabs will be independent after WWI
      - Skyes-Picot Agreement
        
        secret treaty
        
        between Britain and France
        
        divided the Middle East into new colonial holdings
      - The Balfour Declaration:
        
        The formal show of support by the British to the Zionists
      - After WWI
        
        Great Britain took control Israel
        
        Called it "Palestine
        
        Muslim citizens=" Palestinians"
        
        Jewish immigration intensifies in Palestine
        
        British do very little to mediate or calm tensions
      - The Peel Commission
        
        Earl William Peel
        
        sought a reason for why the Palestinian Muslims revolted
        
        the land should be divided(rejected)
        
        Limited Jewish immigration
        
        Independence for Palestine within 10 years
  - - - overthrow of the Shah
      - the rise of a religious Islamic state
      - Islamic Revolution
      - Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
        
        Rose to power in 1941(be forced by allies)
        
        Modern economy
        
        Some rights for women
        
        More industry
        
        Very unhappy with criticism
      - Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
        
        Opposed Shah's "reforms"
        
        Exiled by the Shah for his cricism
        
        Think Shah is Too Western
      - Protests against the Shah
        
        Student-led/ Peaceful Protests
        
        Some student where killed in the process
        
        Khomeini marches
        
        return to traditional Isalamic values (strict Islamic Law)
        
        Women loose rights
        
        "Religious Republic"
        
        Outlaw "Western Culture"
        
        Was refuses to recognize the new leader by US
        
        Iran takes American hostages at the US embassy
        
        Eventually the Shah fled(Black Friday)
      - Other Countries thought
        
        Placed sanctions on Iran
        
        Cut diplomatic ties with Iran
        
        To others in the Middle East, it showed they could stand up to the superpowers
        
        Palestinians(Israel)
        
        Talibean(Afdhanistan)
        
        ISIS
        
        Set a new image of Islam around the world
  - - - hatred, fear, or discrimination of Jews
      - Religious
      - Social
      - Political/Historical
      - Middle Ages/ Inquisition
      - has been used to promote government programs
  - - - Qur'an Islam's holy book
        
        Began in Mecca (Saudi Arabia)
    - - Pilgrimage
        
        Hajj
        
        Muslin who are able to, must visit Macca once in lifetime
      - Fasting
        
        during Ramadan(8-11), refrain from eating during the day
      - Charity
        
        give a fixed amount of their income (2%) to help the poor each year
      - Prayer
        
        Pray 5 times a day in the direction of Macca
      - One God
        
        Allah
- - - - 1927-1950
      - Time Out Period
      - War for Liberation
      - Chinese National Party(KMT)
        
        The Nationalists
        
        democratic government
        
        Gen Chiang Kai shek
        
        Soldiers poorly trained
        
        fled to Taiwan, U.S. support
      - Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
        
        The Communists
        
        Communist government
        
        Mao Zedong
        
        promised end to the corruption
        
        promised more land for the peasants
        
        Modernize/ Industrialize
        
        China -> world power
    - - Rebuild cities & modernize industry
      - Argrarian Reform Bill(Land)
        
        communal farming & village life
      - Full equality for Women
      - State-sponsored child care/ health services
      - Destruct of the ancient class system of China
      - Universal education for all
  - - - social and political leader
      - stressed friendship between Hindus & Muslims
      - is assassinated by a Hindu critic
    - - using disobedience
        
        devotion of the truth/ guilt factor
      - Strikes
      - Boycotts of British goods
      - Marches/ Protests
      - India was granted independence in 1946
        
        England thought The cost of running an overseescolony was too great
    - - International issues (terrorism)
      - Religious differences
      - Issues over resources
      - Border issues
  - - - The Forgotten War
      - Korean peninsula
      - Korea waws divided by the Allies for occupation
        
        line- 38 Paralleel
        
        South Korea(US)
        
        Desire to build industry & modernize
        
        Democratic reforms
        
        pro-American government
        
        Syngman Rhee
        
        Strong anti-Communist
        
        North Korea(USSR)
        
        pro-Soviet government
        
        Desire to unite the country
        
        Socialist reforms
        
        Kim Ill-Sung
        
        Fought for the Soviets during WWII
      - USSR & China encourge North to invade
        
        The United Nationns comes to South Korea's aid
        
        driving all the way to the Yalu River
        
        both sides are at a stalemate
        
        sign as armistice
        
        De-militarized Zone (DMZ)
  - - - armed resistance movenment
      - take control of the government
      - Marxist-based
      - violent nature & extreme politics
      - a student-activist
        
        Sloth Sar(Pol Pot)
      - Unnpopularity
      - territory disputes with Vietnam
      - Vietnem removed Khmer Rouge in 1979
        
        Returned the former royal government