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01 FROM A HARSH POST-WAR PERIOD TO THE ROARING TWENTIES, image, image,…
01 FROM A HARSH POST-WAR PERIOD TO THE ROARING TWENTIES
1 THE IDEOLOGIES OF THE POST-WAR PERIOD
Several ideologies were reinforced after the Great War.
Nationalism
gained support in Wilson’s Fourteen Points
as they recognised the right to self-determination of peoples from defeated empires.
This allowed new states to emerge.
The Second International was dissolved as the socialist parties did not share the same opinion about the Great War
communism
socialist movement split and the ideology
widely accepted by revolutionary socialists and some anarchists
2 A DIFFICULT RECOVERY AFTER THE GREAT WAR
major economic crisis
The first years in post-war Europe
1918–1925
a lot of destruction and financial disorder
Germany could not pay war reparations imposed
by the Treaty of Versailles
In 1923
to guarantee the payment
France occupied the Ruhr Valley
Germany’s main mining and industrial region
worsened the German economic crisis
obligation to pay the debt led the German government to circulate huge amounts of paper money
even though it was not backed by equivalent deposits of gold or silver
Inflation
general increase in the prices of goods and services
rose to 1 billion percent in 1923.
This led to the economic and moral ruin of the country
managed to get out of
hyperinflation
with help from the United States
3 THE ROARING TWENTIES
The League of Nations was established in 1919 .
to promote peaceful, open and balanced diplomacy
had to overcome many difficulties
first post-war period
international relations were very tense
French occupation of the Ruhr Valley
United States never joined the League of Nations
United States never joined the League of Nations
prosperity of the United States
during the conflict
development of industry, increased exports, the repayment of credit given to Europe
after the conflict
credit granted to Europe to rebuild the continent, and financial operations on the stock market
people had access to consumer goods
household appliances and cars
‘the American way of life'
which did not spread to Europe until after World War II.
