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The rights and freedoms the Charter protects - Coggle Diagram
The rights and freedoms the Charter protects
Fundamental freedoms
Everyone is free to practice any religion or no religion at all.
Free to think our own thoughts, speak our minds, listen to the opinions of others and express our opinions creatively.
Freedom of the media with limits established by law.
Exclusion of expressions such as incitement to hatred and violence.
Limitations on freedoms when they infringe on the rights of others or undermine public policies.
Democratic rights
Every citizen has the right to vote and run for office.
Elections must be called at least once every five years, except in case of national emergency.
Elected representatives must meet at least once a year.
Mobility rights
Citizenship and permanent residents in Canada have the right to enter, stay and leave Canada. They also have the right to live or seek work in any part of Canada without discrimination.
Legal Rights
The Charter protects the right to security from searches and seizures without clear legal grounds, and provides that authorities must obtain a warrant before searching someone's home. It also guarantees fair treatment at all stages of the judicial process and protects against unreasonable laws that may harm physical security.
The Charter provides that law enforcement agencies may not take action against individuals without just cause and protects the right to challenge unlawful detention.
It also protects post-detention rights, including the right to a fair trial and freedom from cruel and unusual punishment.
Equality rights
Guarantees the right to equality and the right not to be discriminated against for personal reasons.
All should receive equal treatment under the law and the same benefits from government policies.
Rules can be adapted to take into account the differences of individuals.
Governments can adopt laws and programs to improve the conditions of people disadvantaged by certain personal characteristics and promote equality.
Official language rights
Canada's Charter of Rights and Freedoms establishes that English and French are the official languages of Canada, with equal status and rights in all government institutions. Citizens have the right to use either language in debates and court proceedings, and to receive services in their language of choice in any government office.
It also establishes the principle of advancing the equal status and use of official languages by Parliament and provincial legislatures.
Minority-language education rights
The right to education in the minority language only applies when there is a sufficiently large number of people to justify it.
Educational rights in minority languages are guaranteed by Article 23 of the Charter for French-speaking communities outside Québec and English-speaking minorities in Québec. This applies to all provinces and territories.