Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
C6: Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information…
C6: Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management
Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment
File Organization Terms and Concepts
Database
File
Record
Field
Byte
Bit
Problems with the Traditional
File Environment
Data redundancy and inconsistency
Program-data dependence
Inflexibility
Poor data security
Inability to share data among applications
The Database Approach to Data Management
Database Management Systems (DBMS)
Database: Collection of related files containing records on people, places, or things
Entity: Generalized category representing person, place, thing
Attributes: Specific characteristics of each entity
Relational databases: Organize data into two-dimensional tables (relations) with columns and rows
Primary key
Foreign key
Establishing Relationships
Entity-relationship diagram: Used to clarify table relationships in a relational database
Relational database tables
One-to-one relationship
One-to-many relationship
Many-to-many relationship
Operations of a Relational DBMS
Select, Join, Project
Capabilities of Database Management Systems
Data definition capabilities
Data dictionary
Querying and reporting
Non-Relational Databases (NoSQL): Handle large data sets of data that are not easily organized into tables, columns, and rows
Can manage unstructured data, such as social media and graphics
Designing Databases
Normalization
Referential integrity rules: Ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent
Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making
The Challenge of Big Data
Requires new technologies and tools
Massive quantities of unstructured and semi-structured data from Internet and more
Volume, variety, velocity
Petabytes and exabytes
Big datasets offer more patterns and insights than smaller datasets
Customer behavior
Weather patterns
Financial market
activity
Business Intelligence Infrastructure
Data Warehouses and Data Marts
Hadoop
In-Memory Computing
Analytic Platforms
Analytical Tools: Relationships, Patterns, Trends
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
Data Mining
Associations
Sequences
Classifications
Clusters
Forecasts
Text Mining and Web Mining
Database and The Web
Firms use the web to make information from their internal databases available to customers and partners.
Web interfaces provide familiarity to users and savings over redesigning legacy systems.
Advantages to using the Web to access an organization’s internal databases
Web browser software is much easier to use than
proprietary query tools.
Web interface requires few or no changes
to the internal database.
Creating new efficiencies,
opportunities, and business models.
Blockchain
Distributed database of transactions
Operates on a network without central authority
Once recorded, blocks cannot be changed
Reduces cost of processing transactions and enhances security
Managing Data Resources
Establishing an Information Policy
Information policy
States organization’s rules for organizing, managing, storing, sharing information
Data administration
Responsible for specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as a resource
Database administration
Database design and management group responsible for defining and organizing the structure and content of the database, and maintaining the database
Ensuring Data Quality
Poor data quality: major obstacle to successful customer relationship management
Data quality problems caused by
Redundant and inconsistent data produced by multiple systems
Data input errors
Data quality audit
Data cleansing
Benjamin