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Simple Machines and Levers - Coggle Diagram
Simple Machines and Levers
What is a Simple Machine?
It is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of the force.
Six types of Simple Machine:
Lever
Wheel and axle
Pulley
Inclined plane
Wedge
Screw
What is a lever?
It is a rigid body that is used with a pivot to multiply the effects of an applied force when doing work against the weight of the load.
Three classes that classifies a lever:
First Class
Second Class
Third Class
First Class Lever
The fulcrum is between a load and the effort.
Examples of First Class:
Scissors
See-Saw
Second Class Lever
The load is between the fulcrum and the effort.
Examples of Second Class:
Bottle opener
Wheelbarrow
Third Class Lever
The effort is between the fulcrum and the load
Examples of Third Class:
Tongs
Mop
What is Mechanical Advantage?
It is the measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool or machine.
One example of Mechanical Advantage is the law of lever.
Formula for Mechanic Advantage
Mechanic Advantage = Output Force/Input Force
Deriving at Mechanic Advantage using Principals of Moment
Forces in the lever system can result in either clockwise or anti-clockwise moment.
We need to find out the point at which we are taking moment about
Need to use force to determine whether its clockwise or anti-clockwise moment about the point.
Formula for Principals of Moment
Sum of clockwise moment = Sum of anti-clockwise moment
Force1 x Distance1 = Force2 x Distance2
Law of Lever
It shows if the distance from the fulcrum to where the input force is applied is greater than the distance from the fulcrum to where the output force is applied, then the lever amplifies the input force.
If distance from fulcrum to where to where input force is applied is less than distance from fulcrum to where output force is applied, then lever reduces the input force.