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Russia Topic 4 - Social Developments - Coggle Diagram
Russia Topic 4 - Social Developments
Social Security under Lenin
In Early years, priority not social security
social sec consists of employment, housing + social benefits
full employment fairly easy to achieve - as focus was economic
lenin established labour exchanges [had to sign up to get a job] which set up the hiring of workers
people drifted to countryside due to food shortages , meaning a lack of workers in cities
people were hesitant so sign up as they didn't want a shit job
at end of civil war don't need so many people in the army anymore
demobilisation of army
in mid 1920s [mid NEP] there was high unemployment
job security for skilled workers as they were needed
under NEP, experts were encouraged
wages started to rise
wage gap between skilled and unskilled workers
Artelli - work divided between groups of people from the same trade- paid as a group so they decoded how much each got, usually the older, the more money.
Lenin does not achieve full employment, but expected as his focus was economy
Social security under stalin
under Stalin there was a big push of full employment due to industrialisation
need workers due to old fashioned technology
very labour intensive
collectivisation requires less people so there was a shift of people to the cities
harassment and discrimination against countryside peasants
limit to what trade unions can do so power is taken from trade union- so people can't go on strike
full employment achieved by 1930
cancelled unemployment benefits e.g if someone can't work due to injury, can't get money
so trade unions gave them some money
productivity low due to no incentives
day + night shifts due to huge targets
unfulfilling, simple and boring jobs.
no incentive to do it well, as you would get paid anyway
to ensure workers were in the right place, passport system introduced to stop people leaving jobs.
had to get permission to change jobs, and food rations were controlled by passports
could not go on strike due to this
party successful and it was hard to control